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Risk factors for cardiovascular disease are increased in young adults treated with stem cell transplantation during childhood.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We measured risk factors for CVD in 18 patients at a median of 18.2\u2003yr after SCT and in sex and age\u2010matched controls. Three patients (17%), but none of the controls, met the criteria for the MetS (p\u2003=\u20030.25). In the patients, we found higher levels of triglycerides (0.94 vs. 0.62\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, p\u2003=\u20030.019), total cholesterol (5.1 vs. 4.0\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, p\u2003=\u20030.017), LDL (3.4 vs. 2.6\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, p\u2003=\u20030.019), apolipoprotein B (1.04 vs. 0.74\u2003g\/L, p\u2003=\u20030.004), apolipoprotein B\/A1 ratio (0.7 vs. 0.5, p\u2003=\u20030.026), and lower levels of adiponectin (4.9 vs. 7.5\u2003mg\/L, p\u2003=\u20030.008) than in the controls. The patients had a lower GHmax (9 vs. 20.7\u2003mU\/L, p\u2003=\u20030.002). GHmax was significantly correlated inversely with triglycerides (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.64, p\u2003=\u20030.008), total cholesterol (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.61, p\u2003=\u20030.011), apolipoprotein B (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.60, p\u2003=\u20030.014), and apolipoprotein B\/A1 ratio (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.66, p\u2003=\u20030.005). We recorded a significantly thicker carotid intima layer among the patients than among matched controls (0.15 vs. 0.13\u2003mm, p\u2003=\u20030.034). The level of adiponectin correlated inversely with carotid intima thickness (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.55, p\u2003=\u20030.023). After SCT in childhood, long\u2010term survivors may be at risk of developing premature CVD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2012.01693.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]],"date-time":"2012-04-04T08:36:24Z","timestamp":1333528584000},"page":"385-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Risk factors for cardiovascular disease are increased in young adults treated with stem cell transplantation during childhood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Per","family":"Frisk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Arvidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marita","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tord","family":"Naess\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0126"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01931"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.19.7251"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66378-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02717-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-05-022335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03283.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0555"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-304899"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705374"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e3180f61b67"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S2881"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043430"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.1.e16"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1998.tb00923.x","article-title":"Intensified treatment of acute childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia has improved prognosis, especially in non\u2010high\u2010risk patients: The Nordic experience of 2648 patients diagnosed between 1981 and 1996. 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