{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T10:22:00Z","timestamp":1779358920257,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]],"date-time":"2012-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Had\u017ei\u0107 N, Quaglia A, Cotoi C, Hussain MJ, Brown N, Vergani D, Mieli\u2010Vergani G. Immunohistochemical phenotyping of the inflammatory infiltrate in <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in children.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We have investigated the inflammatory infiltrate in post\u2010transplant dn\u2010AIH, a form of late insidious graft rejection, focusing on transcription factors defining effector and T\u2010regs, using an antigen retrieval immunohistochemical method on archived liver tissue, and compared it with ACR and classical AIH. Paraffin\u2010embedded liver biopsies from pediatric patients with dn\u2010AIH (n\u2003=\u200310), ACR (n\u2003=\u200310), and AIH (n\u2003=\u200313) were selected randomly and stained using antibodies directed to CD4, CD8, T\u2010bet (marker of Th1 polarization), GATA\u20103 (marker of Th2 polarization), FOXP3 (marker for T regulatory cells), IL\u201017, CD56 (NK cells), and perforin. Portal and lobular lymphocytic infiltrate was assessed semi\u2010quantitatively. Prominent CD4, CD8, and T\u2010bet positivity were present in both the lobular and portal infiltrate of all three conditions. Overall T\u2010bet score of lobular inflammation in the dn\u2010AIH group was lower than in the ACR and AIH groups (p\u2003=\u20030.02). In contrast, most samples showed absent or minimal GATA\u20103 positivity. FOXP3, CD56, IL\u201017, and perforin staining of mild to moderate severity were present in all three groups in both the portal and lobular infiltrate. A Th1 polarization of the inflammatory infiltrate characterizes dn\u2010AIH, but also ACR and AIH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2012.01723.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]],"date-time":"2012-06-04T18:46:18Z","timestamp":1338835578000},"page":"501-510","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Immunohistochemical phenotyping of the inflammatory infiltrate in <i>de novo<\/i> autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nedim","family":"Had\u017ei\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Quaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Cotoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Munther 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