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Antigen detection methods are useful for diagnosis of aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, and penicilliosis marneffei. The accuracy of the \u03b2\u2010glucan assay for diagnosis of aspergillosis and candidiasis and its role in fungal diagnosis remains unclear, in part because the few published studies report widely varying specificity. Serologic tests for antibodies are also useful for diagnosis of histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis, but their sensitivity may be reduced by immunosuppression. While molecular diagnostic methods have been described and are available at some reference and university laboratories, their role in patient care remains uncertain, largely because of the lack of well\u2010characterized assays and studies establishing their accuracy. Culture methods, although essential for establishing the diagnosis in some cases, have limitations for rapid diagnosis, namely insensitivity, need for invasive procedures, and delayed growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2006.00165.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,5]],"date-time":"2006-08-05T01:16:59Z","timestamp":1154740619000},"page":"128-139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Antigen detection, serology, and molecular diagnosis of invasive mycoses in the immunocompromised host"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"L.J.","family":"Wheat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.1.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2003.00031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01045-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinmicnews.2005.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-4399(05)80017-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.6.2733-2741.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","first-page":"641","article-title":"Detection of galactomannan antigenemia by enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis","volume":"190","author":"Marr KA","year":"2004","journal-title":"variables that affect performance"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/429921"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","first-page":"299","article-title":"Contribution of (1\u21923)\u2010{beta}\u2010d\u2010glucan chromogenic assay to diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic adult patients","volume":"43","author":"Pazos C","year":"2005","journal-title":"a comparison with serial screening for circulating galactomannan"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/444462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.78.566"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.04904.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.12.5957-5962.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/499949"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.10.5214-5220.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4744-4748.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3560-3563.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15393-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.8.3925-3931.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.6.2929-2931.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010115)91:2<311::AID-CNCR1003>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","first-page":"1242","article-title":"Galactomannan and computed tomography\u2010based preemptive antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients at high risk for invasive fungal infection","volume":"41","author":"Maertens J","year":"2005","journal-title":"a prospective feasibility study"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/425317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.12.5517-5522.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.8.3922-3925.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","first-page":"266","article-title":"The Platelia Aspergillus ELISA in diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA)","volume":"44","author":"Siemann M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.435-438.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200101150-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","unstructured":"SchmidtS BadenLR LowryC MartyFM.Usefulness of serum galactomannan assay for the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients (Abstract). 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