{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T23:22:18Z","timestamp":1784330538130,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,7]],"date-time":"2011-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1297036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>M.A.B. Trindade, M. de Lourdes Palermo, C. Pagliari, N. Valente, B. Naafs, P.C.B. Massarollo, L.A.C. D'Albuquerque, G. Benard. Leprosy in transplant recipients: report of a case after liver transplantation and review of the literature.\u2028Transpl Infect Dis 2011: <jats:bold>13:<\/jats:bold> 63\u201369. All rights reserved<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract: <\/jats:bold> Leprosy still is an important public health problem in several parts of the world including Brazil. Unlike the diseases caused by other mycobacteria, the incidence and clinical presentation of leprosy seems little affected in immunosuppressed patients. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of a liver transplant patient who developed multi\u2010bacillary leprosy. The patient presented with papules and infiltrated plaques with loss of sensation suggestive of leprosy 3.5 years after living\u2010related liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis. A skin biopsy showing non\u2010caseating macrophagic granulomas, neuritis, and intact acid\u2010fast bacilli on Fite\u2010Faraco stain, confirmed the diagnosis of borderline lepromatous leprosy. The donor of the liver did not show any evidence of leprosy. During follow\u2010up, the patient presented 2 episodes of upgrading leprosy type I reactions, 1 mild before leprosy treatment, and 1 moderate 3 months after receiving standard multi\u2010drug treatment (rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone). These reactions were accompanied by increase in liver function tests, especially of canalicular enzymes. This reaction occurred despite the patient's triple immunosuppression regimen. The moderate reaction was successfully treated with further immunosuppression (prednisone, 0.5\u2003mg\/kg). Currently, the patient is asymptomatic, off leprosy medication, with routine liver transplant follow\u2010up. The dilemmas in diagnosis and management of such a case are discussed and the literature on leprosy in transplant recipients is reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00549.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,30]],"date-time":"2010-07-30T02:15:24Z","timestamp":1280456124000},"page":"63-69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Leprosy in transplant recipients: report of a case after liver transplantation and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"M.A.B.","family":"Trindade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.L.","family":"Palermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pagliari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Naafs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.C.B.","family":"Massarollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.A.C.","family":"D'Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Benard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"333","article-title":"Global 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