{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:08:06Z","timestamp":1776470886362,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,9]],"date-time":"2005-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Adding ketamine to morphine for patient\u2010controlled analgesia (PCA) may be useful. However, data on this drug combination have been collected on small sample sizes. In order to evaluate the safety of the combination morphine\u2013 ketamine, we conducted a prospective study on a large patient population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patient\u2010controlled analgesia was performed with 1026 patients using morphine and ketamine in a dose ratio of 1:1. All patients were treated in the ward. Prospectively collected data included incidence of complications and side\u2010effects, verbal pain scores at rest and during mobilization (0\u2003=\u2003no pain to 4\u2003=\u2003very strong pain), consumption of morphine and ketamine and patient satisfaction (0\u2003=\u2003very unsatisfied to 3\u2003=\u2003very satisfied).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The study included 462 women and 564 men who underwent, on average, 71.8\u2003h (\u00b156.1) of PCA. There were 698 orthopaedic, 160 abdominal, 96 thoracic, 20 vascular, 16 plastic, 15 neurosurgical, 11 urologic and 10 other surgical procedures. No complication was observed. Incidence of side\u2010effects was: 1.2% respiratory depression, 23.5% nausea, 6.2% vivid dreams and\/or hallucinations, 21.4% sedation and 10.3% pruritus. Reasons for discontinuing the PCA were side\u2010effects (7.0%) and other (0.5%). Mean pain scores over the whole period were 0.44 (\u00b10.54) at rest and 1.36 (\u00b10.62) during mobilization. Mean satisfaction score was 2.52 (\u00b10.69).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Patient\u2010controlled analgesia with morphine and ketamine is safe. It produces side\u2010effects which, however, are infrequently a reason for discontinuing the regimen. It is also associated with low pain scores and high patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,14]],"date-time":"2005-06-14T10:52:08Z","timestamp":1118746328000},"page":"870-875","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Safety of mixture of morphine with ketamine for postoperative patient\u2010controlled analgesia: an audit with 1026 patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Sveticic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Eichenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Curatolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(87)90275-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(99)00020-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(99)00121-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00428-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199612000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-000-0080-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00433-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200002000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000118109.12855.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/83.3.393"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011736"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200305000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0102900304"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200107000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0003-2409.2001.02409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.01090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200501000-00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199801000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200305000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199506000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(97)00182-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199408000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","first-page":"477","article-title":"Pharmacological characterization of morphine\u20106 beta\u2010glucuronide, a very potent morphine metabolite","volume":"251","author":"Paul D","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200005000-00038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.045007795.x"}],"container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1399-6576.2005.00740.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T20:53:40Z","timestamp":1696884820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00740.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-5172","1399-6576"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-5172","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-6576","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,9]]}}}