{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T18:03:01Z","timestamp":1788717781091,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,8]],"date-time":"2007-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1194480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background: <\/jats:bold> We measured noise intensity and perceived noisiness during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) performed with two interfaces (face\u2010mask, helmet) and four delivery systems.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Eight healthy volunteers received CPAP in random order with: two systems provided with a flow generator using the Venturi effect and a mechanical expiratory valve (A: Venturi, Starmed; B: Whisperflow\u20102, Caradyne Ltd); one \u2018free\u2010flow\u2019 system provided with high flow O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and air flowmeters, an inspiratory gas reservoir, and a water valve (C: CF800, Dr\u00e4gerwerk, AG); and a standard mechanical ventilator (Servoventilator 300, Siemens\u2010Elema). Systems A, B, and C were tested with a face\u2010mask and a helmet at a CPAP value of 10\u2003cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O; the mechanical ventilator was only tested with the face mask. Noise intensity was measured with a sound\u2010level meter. After each test, participants scored noisiness on a visual analog scale (VAS).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> The noise levels measured ranged from 57\u00b111\u2003dBA (mechanical ventilator plus mask) to 93\u00b11 and 94\u00b12\u2003dBA (systems A and B plus helmet) and were significantly affected by CPAP systems (A and B noisier than C and D) and interfaces (helmet CPAP noisier than mask CPAP). Subjective evaluation showed that systems A and B plus helmet were perceived as noisier than system C plus mask or helmet.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions: <\/jats:bold> Maximum noise levels observed in this study may potentially cause patient discomfort. Less noisy CPAP systems (not using Venturi effect) and interfaces (facial mask better than helmet) should be preferred, particularly for long or nocturnal treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2007.01474.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T15:00:15Z","timestamp":1281625215000},"page":"52-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Exposure to noise during continuous positive airway pressure: influence of interfaces and delivery systems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"CAVALIERE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"CONTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"COSTA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"SPINAZZOLA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"PROIETTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"SCIUTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"MASIERI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"3124","article-title":"Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema","volume":"294","author":"Masip J","year":"2005","journal-title":"systematic review and meta-analysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.2.821"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000130621.11024.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92140-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200306-752OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-200410000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.2.457"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"1470","article-title":"Self\u2010reported use of CPAP and benefits of CPAP therapy","volume":"109","author":"Engleman HM","year":"1996","journal-title":"a patient survey"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2347-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","first-page":"2090","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure delivered with a \u201chelmet\u201d","volume":"32","author":"Taccone P","year":"2004","journal-title":"effects on carbon dioxide rebreathing"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.4.F315"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","unstructured":"TruaxB(1999) Decibel in Handbook for acoustic echology [www document]. 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