{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T23:08:03Z","timestamp":1788476883786,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,16]],"date-time":"2008-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1200441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background: <\/jats:bold> The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms in the preventive effects of intravenous anesthetics on testicular ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Forty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 rats each. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with thiopental in groups 1 and 2 and with propofol in groups 3 and 4. Groups 2 and 4 received left testicular ischemia (torsion) for 1\u2003h and reperfusion (detorsion) for 24\u2003h. Groups 1 and 3 (control groups) had no testicular torsion and detorsion. At 24\u2003h of reperfusion, animals were killed and ipsilateral testes were removed for determination of tissue nitric oxide (NO) levels and immunohistochemical evaluation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and apoptosis protease\u2010activating factor 1 (APAF\u20101).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> Between groups 1 and 3, there were no differences in tissue NO levels and eNOS, iNOS, and APAF\u20101 expressions. iNOS and APAF\u20101 expressions were markedly increased in group 2, but these parameters were at the mild to moderate level in group 4 at 24\u2003h of reperfusion. Also, elevated expression of iNOS was accompanied by a high NO production in group 2 compared with group 4. Although eNOS expressions were increased in both the groups (groups 2 and 4), there were no significant differences between these groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions: <\/jats:bold> Propofol as an anesthetic agent may attenuate germ cell\u2010specific apoptosis and decrease NO biosynthases through downregulation of iNOS expression in an animal model of testicular torsion and detorsion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2007.01545.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,12]],"date-time":"2010-08-12T14:53:51Z","timestamp":1281624831000},"page":"350-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Propofol reduces nitric oxide\u2010induced apoptosis in testicular ischemia\u2013reperfusion injury by downregulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide 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