{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T22:43:25Z","timestamp":1776206605854,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,6]],"date-time":"2004-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3\u2010year study was carried out to evaluate male and female effects on the efficiency of an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (IVF) programme. The semen of different bulls used for artificial insemination was tested for the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> production of transferable blastocysts. The fertilization capacity was recorded for each bull. Bovine oocytes were matured <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, fertilized with frozen\/thawed semen of 63 individual bulls and cultured during 8\u2003days. The semen of one bull was used as control. The percentage of cleavage (36.3\u201393.4%) and blastocysts on day 7 (6.9\u201351.2%) varied from bull to bull. Despite high variability, blastocysts were produced with the semen of all bulls in the first trial. Moreover, oocytes fertilized with 85% of tested bulls reached a blastocyst rate not different to the control bull. The correlation coefficients of six bulls showed no significant male effect but an influence of oocytes on the cleavage rate (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.38, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&gt;\u20030.05, and 12.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001, respectively). The development to blastocysts on day 7 was significantly influenced by sperms and also oocytes and session (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01), but no combined interaction was observed between female and male. It is concluded that transferable embryos can be produced <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> in the first trial with frozen\/thawed semen of 63 tested bulls. The results show different capacities of bulls to produce embryos and high male and female effects on the efficiency of an IVF programme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2004.00543.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,18]],"date-time":"2004-12-18T13:01:03Z","timestamp":1103374863000},"page":"257-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Male and Female Effects on the <i>In Vitro<\/i> Production of Bovine Embryos"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"G. 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