{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:23:44Z","timestamp":1761895424529},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anat Histol Embryol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgically removed testicular tissue in cryptorchid stallions is sometimes difficult to identify because of morphological and histological malformation. Therefore, a sure method to characterise the removed tissue is required. A 2\u2010year\u2010old<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>aflinger stallion was castrated after diagnosis of cryptorchidism to remove the left intra\u2010abdomnial testis. Intra\u2010operative exploration of the abdominal cavity revealed a firm, dysmorphic structure, which could not be identified as testis based on macroscopic anatomy. The removed tissue was Bouin\u2010fixed and paraffin\u2010embedded for histological examination. We additionally applied immuno\u2010histochemistry for smooth muscle actin to identify tubular structures as well as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) to detect the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content>), indicating the presence of Leydig cells. A<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hCG<\/jats:styled-content>test was conducted after surgery to screen for remaining testicular tissue. Histological examination using haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed signs of tissue calcification, amorph matrix with scattered cells and round structures. The latter could not be definitely identified as tubules. Actin staining revealed a few tubular wall structures.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>expression indicated the presence of Leydig cells in parts of the removed tissue. The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hCG<\/jats:styled-content>test after castration showed no increase in testosterone. Histological and molecular biological examination of extirpated tissue in cryptorchid stallions can play an important role in the identification of the malformed testes like structures. The use of molecular biological techniques provides the opportunity to characterise surgically removed abdominal tissue that cannot be clearly diagnosed by routine histological examination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2011.01132.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T13:15:57Z","timestamp":1326719757000},"page":"311-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identification of Gonadal Tissue in Cryptorchid Stallion can be Improved by Molecular Biological Analysis \u2013 A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Stumpf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Frankfurter Stra\u00dfe 108 35392 Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Fietz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Frankfurter Stra\u00dfe 98 35392 Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Ezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Frankfurter Stra\u00dfe 108 35392 Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.\u2010F.","family":"Litzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Equine Surgery Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Frankfurter Stra\u00dfe 108 35392 Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Frankfurter Stra\u00dfe 98 35392 Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"The morphology of abdominal and inguinal cryptorchid testes in stallions: a light and electron microscopic study","volume":"36","author":"Al Bagdadi F.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. 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