{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T03:51:10Z","timestamp":1769053870254,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,4]],"date-time":"2005-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present investigation was to examine the inclusion of the dried herb <jats:italic>Echinacea purpurea<\/jats:italic> (L.) MOENCH as feed additive in diets of sows, piglets, and grower\/finisher pigs on growth performance, blood picture, plasma enzymes including proliferation of lymphocytes, antibody status, and protein and immune globulin content of colostrum. The control groups were supplemented with alfalfa meal. The sows (total 36) received 0%, 1.2%, or 3.6%<jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> cobs in the diet from day 85 to day 110 of gestation and 0%, 0.5%, or 1.5%<jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> cobs up to day 28 of lactation. No significant differences were found for growth performance, weight loss, blood picture, plasma enzymes, and colostrum composition. Performance of the sucking piglets was not impaired either during lactation or during a 4\u2003week observation period after weaning. The health status was similar in all treatment groups. In a second experiment, lasting 6\u2003weeks, with 36 piglets (5.8\u201322.1\u2003kg body weight), 1.8%<jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> cobs, or 20\u2003mg\/kg feed Flavomycin<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> were supplemented. No significant differences were found for the recorded parameters. Feed conversion ratio (kg feed\/kg gain) of the <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> group was slightly (4%) increased (1.54 vs. 1.60). In a third trial, 48 grower\/finisher pigs were used during a 9\u2010week experimental period with two supplementation phases (weeks 1\u20133 and weeks 7\u20139). The experimental groups received 0%, 1.5% cobs or 4\u20136\u2003ml pressed juice (commercial standard) per day respectively. Vaccination with Swine erysipelas was implemented in weeks 1 and 5 to determine the specific immune response. Growth performance and blood picture for all groups were similar, however, feed conversion of both <jats:italic>Echinacea<\/jats:italic> supplemented groups was significantly (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.03) better than of the unsupplemented control group (2.44 vs. 2.51). In addition, the Swine erysipelas antibodies showed a marked significance (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) in regard of altitude in both supplemented groups. It is concluded, that <jats:italic>E. purpurea<\/jats:italic> might be used as a feed additive to achieve immune stimulating efficiency in pig production and increase feed\u2010to\u2010gain\u2010conversion. The efficiency of cobs is comparable to a commercial juice product.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2005.00501.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,22]],"date-time":"2005-06-22T12:33:20Z","timestamp":1119443600000},"page":"244-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Efficiency of <i>Echinacea purpurea<\/i> on performance and immune status in pigs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Maass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. R.","family":"Paulicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. M.","family":"B\u00f6hmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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