{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T16:35:11Z","timestamp":1775147711181,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,25]],"date-time":"2005-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mycoses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Selecting an appropriate antimycotic targeting the pathogens are among the most important factors for successfully treating onychomycosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogens of onychomycosis in southern Taiwan and analyse the association between various factors and the distribution of pathogens. A total of 375 patients with onychomycosis were enrolled. Histopathological examination and fungus culture of nail specimens were performed. The pathogens were dermatophytes in 227 patients (60.5%),<jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>in 118 (31.5%) and moulds in 30 (8%). Compared to patients with toenail involvement, the odds ratio (OR) for those with fingernail involvement to have non\u2010dermatophytic onychomycosis (NDO), i.e. onychomycosis caused by<jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>and moulds, was 5.04 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.21\u201311.15], and the OR for those with fingernail and toenail involvement to have NDO was 2.66 (95% CI: 1.61\u20134.34). The F\/M OR to have NDO was 2.36 (95% CI: 1.51\u20133.61), and 9.80 for diabetics (95% CI: 1.01\u2013106.85). The OR for patients with paronychia to have NDO was 10.33 (95% CI: 5.61\u201318.88) compared to those without paronychia. Compared to patients with a non\u2010wet occupation, the OR for those with a wet occupation to have NDO was 4.76 (95% CI: 2.01\u201311.16). The distribution of pathogens significantly varies with the involved sites, patients\u2019 gender and occupation, and presence of diabetes mellitus or paronychia. In contrast to temperate western countries, NDO is more prevalent in the tropics and subtropics including southern Taiwan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01152.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,25]],"date-time":"2005-10-25T12:06:00Z","timestamp":1130241960000},"page":"413-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The causative pathogens of onychomycosis in southern Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Ching\u2010Chi","family":"Chi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010Chih","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(03)00026-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000073086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Nails: Therapy, Diagnosis, Surgery","author":"Elewski BE","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470694947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02449.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"901","article-title":"Candida infection of the nail: role of Candida as a primary or secondary pathogen","volume":"37","author":"Daniel CR","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.104794"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00768.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1972.01620050069017","article-title":"Onychomycosis","volume":"105","author":"Zaias N","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90129-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0507.2000.00547.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2002.01528.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1989.tb02192.x","article-title":"Onychomycosis, tinea pedis and tinea manuum caused by non\u2010dermatophytic filamentous fungi","volume":"32","author":"Summerbell RC","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Clinical and mycological diagnostic aspects of onychomycoses and dermatomycoses","volume":"17","author":"Clayton YM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1998.00613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011028730323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04688.x"}],"container-title":["Mycoses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0507.2005.01152.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01152.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T07:02:08Z","timestamp":1706684528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01152.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,25]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01152.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2005.01152.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7407","1439-0507"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7407","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0507","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,25]]}}}