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We have previously shown that HIV protease inhibitors directly inhibit adhesion of <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> to epithelial cells at concentrations that are reached <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> during antiretroviral therapy. The aim of this study was to establish whether HIV protease inhibitors also inhibit adhesion of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> to endothelial cells, which play a major role in systemic fungal disease. Three <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> strains were incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells or an endothelial cell line in the presence of either Ritonavir, Saquinavir or Indinavir. Subsequently, adherence was determined by counting colony\u2010forming units. The results were comparable and revealed that Ritonavir and Saquinavir significantly inhibited adherence to endothelial cells at only very high concentrations which are likely not reached <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, and Indinavir did not even inhibit then. Inhibition of adhesion of <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> to human cells by HIV protease inhibitors is not a general feature, but strongly cell type\u2010dependent, and clearly not observed for endothelial cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, which are a main target of systemic candidiasis <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2006.01353.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,3]],"date-time":"2007-02-03T03:19:18Z","timestamp":1170472758000},"page":"172-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Absent reduction by HIV protease inhibitors of <i>Candida albicans<\/i> adhesion to endothelial 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