{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:46:45Z","timestamp":1774367205190,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1111536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> culture results in higher oxygen concentrations than <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> environments, leading to an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. Alpha\u2010tocopherol (active form of vitamin E) is an antioxidant that protects mammalian cells against lipid peroxidation, which is regenerated by ascorbic acid. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of alpha\u2010tocopherol and\/or ascorbic acid to the maturation medium on bovine oocyte <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> maturation (IVM) and subsequently on <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (IVF) and embryo development. Cumulus\u2013oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured in Medium 199 (control), and with the addition of alpha\u2010tocopherol and\/or ascorbic acid. The concentration of alpha\u2010tocopherol in COCs was determined by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). IVF and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture (IVC) were carried out in modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF). The quantity of alpha\u2010tocopherol naturally present in COCs diminished by half during IVM (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05), although in the presence of ascorbic acid it remained constant. A greater amount of alpha\u2010tocopherol was detected in COCs matured in medium supplemented with this antioxidant (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05), but the addition of alpha\u2010tocopherol plus ascorbic acid maintained higher levels of alpha\u2010tocopherol (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). Significant differences were not observed in the percentages of nuclear maturation and fertilization among different treatments. The presence of alpha\u2010tocopherol or ascorbic acid in the maturation medium failed to modify the percentage of blastocysts obtained, unlike the addition of both antioxidants when a significant decrease was observed (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). Absorbic acid maintained the antioxidant capacity of the alpha\u2010tocopherol incorporated to COC membranes during IVM. The active form of vitamin E during maturation impaired the acquisition of oocyte developmental competence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2004.00522.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T16:41:52Z","timestamp":1111596112000},"page":"93-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Effect of Alpha\u2010Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid on Bovine Oocyte <i>in Vitro<\/i> 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