{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T14:53:52Z","timestamp":1770216832470,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1111536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Semen samples collected postmortem from 142 yearling beef bulls (11\u201313\u2003months old) of three different breeds (Charolais, Hereford and Simmental) were examined to evaluate the proportion of bulls with mature spermiograms. Before slaughter, testes and epididymides were clinically examined and scrotal circumferences were measured. Aliquots of the cauda epididymal contents taken postmortem were used for sperm morphology examination. Sperm head morphology was studied in dry smears stained with carbol\u2010fuchsine. For each preparation, 500 spermatozoa were counted in each smear under light microscope (\u00d71000). The presence of proximal cytoplasmic droplets, abnormal acrosomes, detached heads and abnormalities of the midpiece and tail were recorded in wet preparations of formol\u2010saline\u2010fixed spermatozoa. For each preparation, 200 spermatozoa were counted in each preparation under a phase\u2010contrast microscope (\u00d71000). The abnormalities were classified according to a classification system developed by<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#b5\">Bane (1961)<\/jats:ext-link>. Morphological abnormalities were recorded as a percentage of the total number of counted spermatozoa. Criteria for a spermiogram to be considered mature included &lt;15% abnormal heads and &lt;15% proximal droplets. According to this definition approximately 48% (68 of 142) of the examined bulls were considered mature. The bulls in this study represent approximately one\u2010fifth of the total amount of performance\u2010tested beef bulls in Sweden during 5\u2003years. Our results indicate that only less than half of the Swedish yearling beef bulls at the testing station appear to have a mature spermiogram at the time they are offered for breeding purposes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2005.00567.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T16:41:52Z","timestamp":1111596112000},"page":"131-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Proportion of Beef Bulls in Sweden with Mature Spermiograms at 11\u201313\u2003months of Age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Y","family":"Persson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"S\u00f6derquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"The postnatal development of the reproductive organs in bulls with special reference to puberty","volume":"34","author":"Abdel\u2010Raouf M","year":"1960","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(00)00470-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"783","article-title":"The proportion of beef bulls in western Canada with mature spermiograms at 11 to 15\u2003months of age","volume":"42","author":"Arteaga A","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Sexual functions of bulls in relation to heredity, rearing intensity and somatic conditions","author":"Bane A","year":"1954","journal-title":"Acta Agric Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"810","author":"Bane A","year":"1961","journal-title":"Acrosomal Abnormality Associated with Sterility in Boar"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Variations in the sexual picture and fertility of boars","volume":"1977","author":"Bane A","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc. 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