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COCs were recovered from dromedary ovaries classified according to their morphology into six categories. Oocyte diameter was measured using eye piece micrometer. For chemical activation, COCs with at least three layers of cumulus\u2010cells were <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> matured (IVM) in TCM 199\u2003+\u200310\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml FSH\u2003+\u200310\u2003IU hCG\/ml\u2003+\u200310% FCS\u2003+\u200350\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml gentamycin. COCs were incubated for 40\u2003h at 38.5\u00b0C under 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in humidified air. After IVM, matured oocytes with first polar body (first Pb) were divided into two groups. Group 1: activated in 7% ethanol (E) for 5\u2003min followed by culture in 2\u2003mM 6\u2010dimethylaminopurin (6\u2010DMAP, E D, subgroup 1) or 10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml cycloheximide (CHX, E CHX, subgroup 2) for 3.5\u2003h at 38.5\u00b0C under 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. In group 2, oocytes were activated using 50\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M Ca A23187 (Ca A) for 5\u2003min followed by culture in 2\u2003mM 6\u2010DMAP (Ca D, subgroup 3) or 10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CHX(Ca CHX, subgroup 4) for 3.5\u2003h at 38.5\u00b0C under 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. For control group, IVM oocytes were fertilized using frozen\u2010thawed camel spermatozoa separated by swim\u2010up method then suspended in Fert\u2010TALP medium supplemented with 6\u2003mg\/ml BSA (FAF)\u2003+\u200310\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml heparin. In all groups, oocytes were <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cultured in SOFaa medium\u2003+\u20035% FCS and 5\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml insulin\u2003+\u200350\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml gentamycin. Cleavage rate and embryo development were checked on Days 2, 5 and 8. An average of 11.3\u2003\u00b1\u20030.3 COCs were recovered\/dromedary ovary. Categories 1 and 2 represented 33.1% and 34.8%, respectively, and were significantly higher (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.01) than the other categories (19.1, 9.2 and 2.6% for categories 3\u20135, respectively). Category 6 (embryo\u2010like structures) represented 1.2% of the recovered oocytes, staining of these embryo\u2010like structures with orcien dye indicated the presence of divided cells with condensed nuclei. Dromedary oocytes averaged 166.2\u2003\u00b1\u20032.6\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>m in diameter with black cytoplasm. Chemical activation of IVM dromedary oocyte with first Pb in 7% ethanol or 50\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M Ca A followed by culture in 2\u2003mM 6\u2010DMAP showed significantly higher (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.01) cleavage and developmental rates to the morula stage than oocytes activated using 7% ethanol or 50\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M Ca A followed by 10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CHX or <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilized control group. Higher (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.01) proportion of oocytes sequentially cultured in 10\u2003<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CHX or that <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilized were arrested at the 2\u20134\u2010cell stage compared with that cultured in 6\u2010DMAP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00737.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,4]],"date-time":"2007-01-04T07:14:46Z","timestamp":1167894886000},"page":"88-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Morphology of Dromedary Camel Oocytes and their Ability to Spontaneous and Chemical Parthenogenetic 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