{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:00:08Z","timestamp":1790524808354,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,29]],"date-time":"2007-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study was performed to investigate the number of either the spermatozoa or the embryos in the reproductive tracts of sows after unilateral, deep, intra uterine insemination (DIUI). Two experiments were conducted, 10 sows were used in experiment I and eight sows were used in experiment II. Transrectal ultrasonography was used to examine the time when ovulation took place in relation to oestrus behaviour. The sows were inseminated with a single dose of diluted fresh semen 6\u20138\u2003h prior to expected ovulation, during the second oestrus after weaning. In experimental I, five sows were inseminated by a conventional artificial insemination (AI) technique using 100\u2003ml of diluted fresh semen, containing 3000\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> motile spermatozoa and five sows were inseminated by the DIUI technique with 5\u2003ml of diluted fresh semen, containing 150\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> motile spermatozoa. The sows were anesthetized and ovario\u2010hysterectomized approximately 24\u2003h after insemination. The oviducts and the uterine horns on each side of the reproductive tracts were divided into seven segments, namely ampulla, cranial isthmus, caudal isthmus, utero\u2010tubal junction (UTJ), cranial uterine horn, middle uterine horn and caudal uterine horn. Each segment of the reproductive tracts was flushed with Beltsville thawing solution (BTS) through the lumen. The total number of spermatozoa in the flushing from each segment were determined. In experimental II, eight sows were inseminated by the DIUI technique using 5.0\u2003ml diluted fresh semen containing 150\u2003\u00d7\u200310<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> motile spermatozoa. The sows were anesthetized 61.1\u2003\u00b1\u200312\u2003h after insemination (48\u201372\u2003h) and the embryos were flushed from the oviduct through the proximal part of the uterine horn. It was revealed that, in experimental I, the spermatozoa were recovered from both sides of the reproductive tract in the AI\u2010group, and from unilateral side of the reproductive tract in the DIUI\u2010group (three sows from the left and two sows from the right sides). The number of spermatozoa recovered from the reproductive tracts was higher in the AI\u2010 than the DIUI\u2010group (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). In experiment II, fertilization occurred in five of eight sows (62.5%) after DIUI. The number of ova that ovulated were 16.4\u2003\u00b1\u20032.6 per sow and the embryos numbering 11.4\u2003\u00b1\u20032.3 per sow were recovered from both sides of the reproductive tract. In conclusion, the spermatozoa given by DIUI could be recovered from only one side of the reproductive tract of sows at approximately 24\u2003h after DIUI via the flushing technique. However, embryos were found in both sides of the oviducts and the proximal part of the uterine horns 48\u201372\u2003h after insemination, indicating that the fertilization occurred in both sides of the oviducts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00830.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,30]],"date-time":"2007-10-30T01:58:28Z","timestamp":1193709508000},"page":"603-609","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Distribution of Spermatozoa and Embryos in the Female Reproductive Tract after Unilateral Deep Intra Uterine Insemination in the Pig"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Tummaruk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Sumransap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Techakumphu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kunavongkrit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2003.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(03)00163-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(00)00157-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(02)00230-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(99)00223-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.65.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1986.tb00584.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1220289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1230163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(03)00190-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00635.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1995.tb00379.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(96)01566-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(02)00164-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(03)00086-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"251","article-title":"Causes of consequences of early embryonic diversity in pig","volume":"40","author":"Pope WF","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1976.424927x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)01330-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2004.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1140195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"SAS User's Guide","author":"SAS Institute Inc.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)00368-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(92)90028-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.8371543x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00146-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.51.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.62.1241"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Reproductive performance of purebred Swedish Landrace and Swedish Yorkshire sows: II. 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