{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T05:08:26Z","timestamp":1770527306120,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives of the study were to characterize an ultrasound reproductive tract scoring (URTS) system to assess suitability for breeding in dairy cows, to describe the prevalence of these scores in commercial dairy herds and to examine their relationship with subsequent fertility. Ultrasound examinations (7797) were performed on 5751 Holstein\u2013Friesian cows prior to breeding in 62 seasonally calving herds over 2\u2003years. Data recorded from images of both ovaries and the uterus were combined into a six point scoring system and the prevalence of cows with cystic ovarian follicles and uterine abscesses and adhesions was recorded separately. The prevalence of ovulatory cows which had completed uterine involution (score 1), or had mild (2) or moderate endometritis (3) was 62.5%, 21.7% and 2.2%, respectively. The prevalence of anovulatory cows with moderate endometritis (4), ovulatory cows with pyometra (5) and anovulatory cows which had completed uterine involution (6) was 3.3%, 2.2% and 8.1%, respectively. The interval between calving and examination differed between cows with each of the scores 1, 2, 5 and 6 (61, 46, 53 and 50\u2003days, respectively, p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05) but not between cows with scores 3 and 4 (37 and 35\u2003days, respectively). Ovulatory cows which had completed uterine involution (score 1) had a higher likelihood of pregnancy to first service than ovulatory or anovulatory cows which had not completed uterine involution (p\u2003\u2264\u20030.10). The prevalence of cows with cystic ovarian follicles or abscesses or adhesions of the reproductive tract was 3.9% and 1.2%, respectively. In conclusion, 29% and 11% of cows in seasonally calving and breeding dairy herds had not completed uterine involution or were anovulatory prior to the mating start date, respectively. Both conditions, detected using a URTS system, significantly reduced first service pregnancy rate in these pasture\u2010based dairy herds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2008.01079.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,12]],"date-time":"2008-12-12T04:08:31Z","timestamp":1229054911000},"page":"331-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Pre\u2010breeding Ovaro\u2013Uterine Ultrasonography and its Relationship with First Service Pregnancy Rate in Seasonal\u2010Calving Dairy 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