{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:43:49Z","timestamp":1789789429129,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]],"date-time":"2004-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>1.\u2002Diabetic nephropathy is an important microvascular complication and one of the main causes of end\u2010stage renal disease. Many <jats:italic>in vivo and in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies have indicated that oxidative stress is one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, we examined the effect of an anti\u2010oxidant bioflavonoid quercetin on renal function and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)\u2010induced diabetic rats.<\/jats:p><jats:p>2.\u2002Diabetes was induced in Sprague\u2010Dawley rats with a single intravenous injection of STZ (45\u00a0mg\/kg). Four weeks after STZ injection, quercetin (10\u00a0mg\/kg per day) was given orally for 4 weeks in both control and diabetic rats. Plasma glucose levels and bodyweights were measured at 4 and 8 weeks after the STZ injection. At the termination of the experiments, urine albumin excretion, urine output, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urea clearance were measured. The renal oxidative stress marker malonaldehyde, glutathione levels and the anti\u2010oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured in kidney homogenate.<\/jats:p><jats:p>3.\u2002Streptozotocin\u2010injected rats showed significant increases in blood glucose, polyuria, proteinuria and a decrease in bodyweight compared with age\u2010matched control rats. After 8 weeks, diabetic rats exhibited renal dysfunction, as evidenced by reduced creatinine and urea clearance, and proteinuria along with a marked increase in oxidative stress, as determined by lipid peroxidation and activities of key anti\u2010oxidant enzymes. Treatment with quercetin significantly attenuated renal dysfunction and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.<\/jats:p><jats:p>4.\u2002These results confirm the role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetic nephropathy and point to the possible anti\u2010oxidative mechanism being responsible for the nephroprotective action of quercetin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.03982.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]],"date-time":"2004-03-26T16:13:11Z","timestamp":1080317591000},"page":"244-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["QUERCETIN, AN ANTI\u2010OXIDANT BIOFLAVONOID, ATTENUATES DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN RATS"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Muragundla","family":"Anjaneyulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanwaljit","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.40.4.405"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"S18","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"48","author":"Ha H","year":"1995","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.11.1433"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/00365519950185823","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with type\u2010I diabetes mellitus","volume":"59","author":"Ruiz C","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.3.456"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"1457","article-title":"Effects of rebamipide in a model of experimental diabetes and on the synthesis of transforming growth factor\u2010beta and fibronectin, lipid peroxidation induced by high glucose in cultured mesangial cells","volume":"281","author":"Ha H","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Oxidative alterations in the experimental glycation model of diabetes mellitus are due to protein\u2013glucose adduct oxidation: Some fundamental differences in proposed mechanism of glucose oxidation and oxidant production","volume":"291","author":"Hunt JV","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/135100099101534800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90202-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760100300531"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"R212","article-title":"Plasma metabolites of quercetin and their antioxidant properties","volume":"75","author":"Morand C","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01983124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890150110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.10035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","volume-title":"Guidelines for Care and Use of Animals in Scientific Research.","author":"Indian National Science Academy.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/CEH-100106822"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"938","article-title":"Methodon der harn\u2010und blutzuckerbestrimmung II. Handbuch Des","volume":"2","author":"Schmidt FH","year":"1971","journal-title":"Diabetes Mellitus"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.2002.24.2.677129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0990667"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(78)90479-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","first-page":"885","volume-title":"Methods of Enzymatic Analysis.","author":"Luck H","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2001.03530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.370"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200002000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009229429250"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)00709-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90169-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.3.601","article-title":"Comparative bioavailability to humans of ascorbic acid alone or in a citrus extract","volume":"48","author":"Vinson JA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(01)00607-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Antioxidative activity of flavonoids in stimulated human neutrophils","volume":"38","author":"Zielinska M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fol. Histochem. Cytobiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6865(98)00025-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00276-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","first-page":"256","article-title":"The effect of flavonoid treatment on their glycation and antioxidant status in type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"12","author":"Manuely Keenoy B","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.060003858.x"},{"issue":"60","key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","first-page":"S7","article-title":"Involvement of transforming growth factor\u2010beta and its receptors in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"52","author":"Ziyadeh F","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","first-page":"656","article-title":"Quercetin inhibits Shc\u2010 and phosphatidylinositol 3\u2010kinase\u2010mediated c\u2010Jun N\u2010terminal kinase activation by angiotensin II in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells","volume":"60","author":"Yoshizumi M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1681.2004.03982.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.03982.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T23:46:45Z","timestamp":1697240805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.03982.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.03982.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2004.03982.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1870","1440-1681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1870","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]]}}}