{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:33:26Z","timestamp":1790703206193,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]],"date-time":"2007-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1169683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\"><jats:list-item><jats:p>The present study was performed in order to determine the amino acid and fatty acid composition of an aqueous extract of the freshwater fish<jats:italic>Channa striatus<\/jats:italic>, obtained by soaking (1\u00a0:\u00a02, w\/v) fresh fillets overnight in a chloroform\u00a0:\u00a0methanol (2\u00a0:\u00a01, v\/v) solvent, to elucidate the mechanism responsible for its antinociceptive activity and to clarify the relationship between the presence of the amino and fatty acids and the expected activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>The aqueous extract was found to contain all amino acids with the major amino acids glycine, alanine, lysine, aspartic acid and proline making up 35.77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.58, 10.19\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.27, 9.44\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.56, 8.53\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.15 and 6.86\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.78% of the total protein, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>In addition, the aqueous extract was found to have a high palmitic acid (C16\u00a0:\u00a00) content, which contributed approximately 35.93\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.63% to total fatty acids. The other major fatty acids in the aqueous extract were oleic acid (C18\u00a0:\u00a01), stearic acid (C18\u00a0:\u00a00), linoleic acid (C18\u00a0:\u00a02) and arachidonic acid (C20\u00a0:\u00a04), contributing 22.96\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.40, 15.31\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.33, 11.45\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.31 and 7.44\u2002\u00b1\u20020.83% of total fatty acids, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Furthermore, the aqueous extract was demonstrated to possess concentration\u2010dependent antinociceptive activity, as expected, when assessed using the abdominal constriction test in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>It is concluded that the aqueous extract of<jats:italic>C. striatus<\/jats:italic>contains all the important amino acids, but only some of the important fatty acids, which are suggested to play a key role in the observed antinociceptive activity of the extract, as well as in the traditionally claimed wound healing properties of the extract.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04572.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]],"date-time":"2007-01-25T11:00:12Z","timestamp":1169722812000},"page":"198-204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["AMINO ACID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF<i>CHANNA STRIATUS<\/i>(HARUAN) THAT EXHIBITS ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"ZA","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AM","family":"Mat Jais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YM","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MR","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MN","family":"Somchit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"SabtoA.Environmental physiological studies of Haruan in Sabah.BSc Thesis Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia.1988."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(94)90101-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Pharmacology","author":"Bowman WC","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(97)00305-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(97)00057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"1170","article-title":"Structure of sauvagine, a vasoactive peptide from the skin of a frog","volume":"360","author":"Montecucchi PC","year":"1979","journal-title":"Hoppe Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3011.1981.tb01997.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107351200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2004.2202.2207"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"6","article-title":"Non\u2010opioid antinociceptive activity of fresh Haruan (Channa striatus) fillet extract","volume":"1","author":"Zakaria ZA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kolej Universiti Teknologi dan Pengurusan Malaysia J. Tech. Manag."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"199","article-title":"The effects of l\u2010arginine, d\u2010arginine, l\u2010NAME and methylene blue on Haruan (Channa striatus)\u2010induced peripheral antinociception in mice","volume":"8","author":"Zakaria ZA","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(03)00056-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2331\/fishsci.64.474"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)64849-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","unstructured":"RajionMA.Essential fatty acid metabolism in the fetal and neonatal lamb.PhD Thesis The University of Melbourne Victoria Australia.1985."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2004.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90201-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"577","article-title":"Effects of l\u2010NAME, l\u2010NMMA and l\u2010arginine on the antinociceptive effects of morphine in mice","volume":"17","author":"Dambisya YM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15226.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.047902"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","volume-title":"Wound Healing","author":"Westaby S.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"306","article-title":"Is impaired wound healing caused by infection or nutritional depletion?","volume":"102","author":"Greenhalgh DG","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Food Chemistry","author":"Heimann W.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/114.9.1697"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","volume-title":"Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","author":"Katzung BG.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3742\/OPEM.2004.4.2.091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00253-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(99)00184-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.9.1411"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00105-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6749"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R100030200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(00)00053-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","first-page":"115","volume-title":"Food Lipids: Chemistry, Nutrition and Biotechnology","author":"Shahidi F","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","volume-title":"Lipid Analysis: Isolation, Separation, Identification and Structural Analysis of Lipids","author":"Christie WW.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)35367-4","article-title":"Cloning and pharmacological characterization of the rat CB2 cannabinoid receptor","volume":"292","author":"Griffin G","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/94.9.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-2391-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.06-06-01803.1986","article-title":"Stimulation\u2010produced spinal inhibition from the midbrain is mediated by an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the medial medulla","volume":"6","author":"Aimone LD","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(88)90201-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0296-28"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043364928"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2165278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20960"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1981.tb10425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-95-23345"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Antagonism of the frequency of phenylbenzoquinone induced writhing in the mouse by weak analgesics and non\u2010analgesics","volume":"125","author":"Hendershot LC","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","first-page":"304","article-title":"Antinociceptive action of 2\u2010(\u20104\u2010bromobenzoyl)\u20103\u2010methyl\u20104,6\u2010dimethoxy benzofuran, a novel xanthoxyline derivative, on chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice","volume":"278","author":"Vaz ZR","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00026-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y05-050"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1681.2007.04572.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04572.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T05:51:53Z","timestamp":1736747513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04572.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04572.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2007.04572.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1870","1440-1681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1870","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]]}}}