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Inactive heterozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase\u20102 (<jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>) and macrocytosis (mean corpuscular volume [MCV]\u2003\u2265\u2003106 fl) enhance the risk for esophageal carcinoma, which frequently occurs with gastric carcinoma in this population. Whether alcoholism affects <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is unknown.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study of Japanese alcoholic men with (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200345) and without (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003281) gastric carcinoma included assessment of <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic> IgG antibody, serum pepsinogen\u2010confirmed CAG, MCV, and ALDH2 genotype.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The gastric carcinoma cases had a significantly higher age\u2010adjusted prevalence of <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010positivity (78%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 57%), CAG (78%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 42%), <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic> (36%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 14%), MCV \u2265106 fl (38%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 20%), and concurrent esophageal\/oropharyngolaryngeal carcinoma (18%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 5%) than controls. Among gastric cancer\u2010free controls, the prevalence of CAG was higher than generally reported in Japan, regardless of <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic> status (<jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive, 56%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 35\u201336% for Japanese general population; <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010negative, 8%<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1\u20133%). Alcoholism may accelerate the progression of CAG. Each of these factors increased the risk of gastric carcinoma (O<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20033.7 for <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive, 2.7 for non\u2010severe CAG, 8.7 for severe CAG, 3.5 for <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>, 2.5 for MCV \u2265106 fl, and 3.7 for concurrent carcinoma). A multivariate analysis showed that CAG and <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic> were independently related to the risk of gastric carcinoma. Combinations of CAG and <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic> showed greater risks of gastric carcinoma (O<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\u2003=\u20034.0 for non\u2010severe CAG alone, 17.6 for severe CAG alone, 9.7 for <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic> alone, 17.1 for non\u2010severe CAG plus <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>, and 39.2 for severe CAG plus <jats:italic>ALDH2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>1\/2<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Combining blood tests for <jats:italic>H.\u2003pylori<\/jats:italic>, CAG, MCV and ALDH2 genotype could offer a new means of predicting risk of gastric carcinoma in Japanese alcoholic men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04377.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]],"date-time":"2006-04-21T20:42:53Z","timestamp":1145652173000},"page":"210-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>, chronic atrophic gastritis, inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase\u20102, macrocytosis and multiple upper aerodigestive tract cancers and the risk for gastric cancer in alcoholic Japanese men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Akira","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuji","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tai","family":"Omori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachio","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Mizukami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisao","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Higuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromasa","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshifumi","family":"Hibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(02)00534-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1992.tb00127.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2002.tb02470.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19961104)68:3<313::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/22.3.433"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"895","article-title":"Multiple cancers associated with esophageal and oropharyngolaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the aldehyde dehydrogenase\u20102 genotype in male Japanese drinkers","volume":"11","author":"Yokoyama A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. 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