{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:07:31Z","timestamp":1760954851815},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]],"date-time":"2006-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1145577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Crohn\u2019s Disease (CD) commonly presents extra\u2010intestinal manifestations, but cardiac involvement is considered rare. The aim of the present study was to assess cardiac involvement in CD and its possible correlation with activity, duration, localization and therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Patients and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A group of 68 patients with CD and a control group of 60 healthy subjects were subjected to a transthoracic echocardiogram with Doppler study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The study found overall morphologic alterations in 47\/68 CD patients (69.11%) versus 12\/60 controls (20.0%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01); mitral valve prolapse in 20\/68 CD patients (29.4%) versus 4\/60 controls (6.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01); and pericardial effusion in 13\/68 CD patients (19.1%)versus 1\/60 controls (1.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01). The following findings were frequent, but without statistical significance: mitral insufficiency, 9\/68 CD (13.2%) versus 3\/60 controls (5.0%); tricuspidalic insufficiency, 8\/68 CD (11.7%) versus 3\/60 controls (5%); aortic insufficiency, 3\/68 CD (4.4%) versus none in the control group; and decreased left ventricle ejection fraction, 5\/68 CD (7.3%) versus none in the control group. Pericardial effusion was found to be related to CD activity (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.375; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.002) as well as decreased ejection fraction (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.358; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.003). No correlation with age, sex, duration, therapy or localization of disease was found.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> These findings suggest that CD frequently determines cardiac involvement, although it is usually subclinical. The alteration of cytokine network, especially the elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, could be implicated in the cardiac alterations because it was observed, as for raised oxidative stress, in other heart diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04384.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,21]],"date-time":"2006-04-21T20:42:53Z","timestamp":1145652173000},"page":"18-22","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cardiac involvement in Crohn\u2019s disease: Echocardiographic study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Gianpaolo","family":"Bragagni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Brogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Franceschetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Zoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"623","volume-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","author":"Weiss A","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)31901-8","article-title":"Endocarditis complicating ulcerative colitis","volume":"73","author":"Ward RL","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(89)90090-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1155\/2001\/954340","article-title":"Giant cell myocarditis, in a patient with Crohn\u2019s disease, treated with etanercept: a tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha antagonist","volume":"15","author":"Nash CL","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200110000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.106.6.1911"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123064.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.10.1427"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80163-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.62.2.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907013410101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198904203201602"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(96)00160-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(84)80081-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90287-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(14)80399-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1067\/mje.2002.120202","article-title":"Recommendations for quantification of Doppler echocardiography: a report from the Doppler Quantification Task Force of the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the American Society of Echocardiography","volume":"15","author":"Qinones MA","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(03)00335-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.75.1.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(87)80254-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(14)80521-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(14)80317-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90742-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.36.8.737"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.70.4.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(76)90491-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(89)80014-8","article-title":"Recommendations for quantitation of the left ventricle by two\u2010dimensional echocardiography","volume":"2","author":"Shiller NB","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-2-122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1067892"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","first-page":"2184","article-title":"Perikarditis bei chronisch entzundlicher Darmerkrankung. Grundkrankheit oder Nebenwirkung der Therapie? Ein clinical problem","volume":"126","author":"Kupferschimdt H","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-8932(98)74796-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90104-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","first-page":"935","article-title":"Aortenklappeninsuffizienz bei Morbus Crohn","volume":"127","author":"Wackerlin A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Association of Takayasu\u2019s arteritis and Crohn\u2019s disease. Result of a study on 44 Takayasu patients and review of literature","volume":"154","author":"Reny JL","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Intern."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-002-0925-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80194-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198611000-00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90031-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(95)90124-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Acute pleuropericarditis and cardiac tamponade as extraintestinal complications of ulcerative colitis","volume":"7","author":"Gonzalez Martin T","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Intern."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198610000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.60.708.682"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Pericarditis associated with longstanding mesalazine administration in a patient","volume":"68","author":"Vayre F","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.22.5.391.33188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199809000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02282352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.40.901"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7311.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199710000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_2","first-page":"93","article-title":"Pericarditis and inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"48","author":"Thompson DG","year":"1979","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.305.6846.159-b"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6096.1188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Sulphasalazine induced lupus like syndrome with cardiac tamponade in a patient with ulcerative colitis","volume":"84","author":"Deboever G","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11936-002-0035-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200104)45:2<129::AID-ANR164>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-002-8271-x","article-title":"Echocardiographic evidence of cardiac involvement in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"21","author":"Yildirir A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70381-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(03)00718-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.2000.0487"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00503-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.6.830"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520152584833"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.37.6.805"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1440-1746.2006.04384.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04384.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T06:45:18Z","timestamp":1696920318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04384.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,15]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04384.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04384.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-12-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}