{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:29:45Z","timestamp":1776252585568,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,5]],"date-time":"2006-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold>The clinical efficacy of corticosteroids in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is well\u2010established. However, prolonged usage of these drugs can result in serious complications. Rebamipide {2\u2010(4\u2010chlorobenzoylamino)\u20103[2\u2010(1H)\u2010quinolinon\u20104\u2010yl] propionic acid}, a cytoprotective agent, has been reported to have anti\u2010inflammatory activity and to repair mucosal injury in animal colitis models. The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel Rebamipide enema therapy in UC patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Twenty patients with the active distal type of UC in whom corticosteroid treatment had been unsuccessful were treated with rectal administration of Rebamipide twice a day for 3\u2003weeks, during which corticosteroid dosage was kept constant. The efficacy of treatment was assessed from clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings. The anti\u2010inflammatory effect of Rebamipide was also examined by monitoring changes in the intensity of histological inflammation and levels of cytokine activity in the rectal mucosa.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>At 3\u2003weeks after the initiation of Rebamipide enema therapy, 11 patients (55%) achieved clinical remission. Sixteen (80%) were colonoscopically judged to be responders, with decreased levels of interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 but not of IL\u20108, and an increased ratio of IL\u20101 receptor antagonist\/IL\u20101\u03b2 in organ cultures of mucosal tissues. The change in the number of infiltrating neutrophils was not significantly correlated with the clinical response to this therapy. No side\u2010effects were noted in any patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Rebamipide enema therapy proved to be safe and useful in corticosteroid\u2010refractory patients with the active distal type of UC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04399.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,7]],"date-time":"2006-07-07T05:52:21Z","timestamp":1152251541000},"page":"261-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Rebamipide enema therapy as a treatment for patients with active distal ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Kusugami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidemi","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199109263251306"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70381-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90552-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111963"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-004-1510-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02063967"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.2.1081","article-title":"Resistance of Crohn\u2019s disease T cells to multiple apoptotic signals is associated with a Bcl\u20102\/Bax mucosal imbalance","volume":"163","author":"Ina K","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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