{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T20:51:55Z","timestamp":1759179115663},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,7]],"date-time":"2007-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Host genetic factors have been reported as influencing the progress to fulminant hepatitis (FH). Our previous data showed the serum level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 influenced by gene polymorphisms to be markedly increased. It was investigated whether polymorphisms in the IL\u201010 gene, in addition to TNF\u2010\u03b1 and \u2010\u03b2 gene polymorphisms, might contribute to the pathogenesis of FH.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We analyzed 42 patients with FH, 78 patients with acute hepatitis (AH), and 149 healthy subjects (control). IL\u201010 polymorphism sites at promoter regions \u22121028, \u2212819, \u2212592; TNF\u2010\u03b1 polymorphism sites at promoter regions \u22121031, \u2212863, \u2212857, \u2212308, \u2212238; and TNF\u2010\u03b2 first intron Nco1 sites were studied. IL\u201010 gene polymorphisms were classified into three groups: low IL\u201010\u2010producing haplotypes (ATA\/ATA), intermediate haplotypes (ATA or CCA\/CCA), and high haplotypes (ATA\/ATG or CCG).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The allelic frequency of B2 in the TNF\u2010\u03b2 gene was significantly higher in FH patients compared with the control group. The three groups showed no differences in polymorphisms of positions \u22121031, \u2212863, \u2212857, \u2212308 and \u2212238 in the TNF\u2010\u03b1 gene. The frequency of low IL\u201010\u2010producing haplotypes tended to be higher in FH patients compared with control and that of high IL\u201010\u2010producing haplotype tended to be lower in FH patients compared with control. The carrier rate with both the IL\u201010 haplotype and the TNF\u2010\u03b2 gene B2\/B2 was significantly higher than control.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Variations of cytokine polymorphisms including IL\u201010 and TNF\u2010\u03b2 genes may be attributable to the pathogenesis of FH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.04846.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,7]],"date-time":"2007-06-07T07:34:01Z","timestamp":1181201641000},"page":"1271-1277","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Possible involvement of cytokine gene polymorphisms in fulminant hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mihoko","family":"Takakura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsutoshi","family":"Tokushige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etsuko","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Shiratori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90006-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1990.tb05475.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70324-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02270.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Genetics of TNF\u2010\u03b1 in autoimmune, infectious and neoplastic disease","volume":"45","author":"Wilson AG","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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