{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T13:05:10Z","timestamp":1781010310781,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,20]],"date-time":"2007-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1184889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold>There are few studies investigating the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in current and former drug users. With this in mind, we sought to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of interferon alpha\u20102b (IFN \u03b1\u20102b) or pegylated\u2010interferon alpha\u20102b (PEG\u2010IFN \u03b1\u20102b) and ribavirin (RBV) in injection drug users (IDU) enrolled in a directly observed therapy (DOT) program, as measured by sustained virologic response (SVR).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Viremic HCV\u2010infected IDU, with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) &gt;1.5\u00d7 upper limit of normal (ULN) were offered 24\u201348\u2003week (based on HCV genotype) therapy with RBV (800\u20131200\u2003mg\/day, based on weight) along with IFN \u03b1\u20102b (3 million IU thrice weekly) replaced by PEG\u2010IFN \u03b1\u20102b (1.5\u2003\u00ecg\/kg once weekly) as it became available. All injections were directly observed. The primary endpoint was SVR.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Overall, 40 patients (33 males) received IFN \u03b1\u20102b (12) or PEG\u2010IFN \u03b1\u20102b (28), 55% with HCV genotypes 2 or 3. Only 14 discontinued therapy, 5 due to toxicity, 6 due to illicit drug use and 3 did not achieve an early virologic response. In an intent\u2010to\u2010treat analysis, the overall SVR was 55% (22\/40), 64% (14\/22) in subjects with genotypes 2\/3. There was no significant difference in response rates among those with &gt;6 (50%) or \u22646\u2003months (64%) drug abstinence (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.51) or among those with (53%) and without (57%) intercurrent drug use (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.99); however, frequent users (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20039) had a decreased SVR (22%) when compared with occasional users (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200310, 80%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.12).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Treatment of HCV in current and former IDU within a multidisciplinary DOT program can be successfully undertaken, resulting in SVR similar to those in randomized controlled trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.05032.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,20]],"date-time":"2007-07-20T12:10:22Z","timestamp":1184933422000},"page":"1519-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Directly observed therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in current and former injection drug users"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Grebely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse D","family":"Raffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caite","family":"Meagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista A","family":"Genoway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Khara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Mead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Viljoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"DeVlaming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70216-4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360706","article-title":"Natural history of chronic hepatitis C","volume":"36","author":"Seeff LB","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020047"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-5-200403020-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06102-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199811193392101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(02)00078-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/201031","article-title":"The management of chronic viral hepatitis: a Canadian consensus conference 2004","volume":"18","author":"Sherman M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. 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