{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:57:10Z","timestamp":1792144630848,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,25]],"date-time":"2010-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A large proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients do not secrete elevated levels of the tumor marker alpha\u2010fetoprotein (AFP). There is little published guide to prognostic features of this patient subset.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We interrogated a large HCC database in which all patients had been followed until death, to examine which features might be prognostically useful.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We found 413 biopsy\u2010proven unresectable HCC patients with low serum AFP values. Serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) levels were one of the most significant factors for survival. This dichotomization into low and high GGTP levels separated the patients into distinctive survival ranges. Patients with GGTP levels\u2003&lt;\u2003110\u2003U\/100\u2003mL and small tumors had longest survival\u2003&gt;\u2003795\u2003days. Patients with GGTP\u2003\u2265\u2003110\u2003U\/mL and large tumors with the presence of portal vein thrombosis had the shortest survival range of 300\u2013560\u2003days.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Serum levels of the onco\u2010fetal protein GGTP represent a useful prognostic parameter in HCC patients with low AFP levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06303.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,25]],"date-time":"2010-02-25T13:16:39Z","timestamp":1267103799000},"page":"1543-1549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Low alpha\u2010fetoprotein hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Brian I","family":"Carr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Pancoska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Branch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850815)56:4<918::AID-CNCR2820560437>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280322"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10384"},{"issue":"77","key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","first-page":"1534","article-title":"Comparison of seven prognostic staging systems in patients who undergo hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"54","author":"Kondo K","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000236608.91960.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000254368.65878.da"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.5628"},{"issue":"86","key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","first-page":"1705","article-title":"Serum alpha\u2010fetoprotein level per tumor volume reflects prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy","volume":"55","author":"Furihata T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19891015)64:8<1700::AID-CNCR2820640824>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdp.2007.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20279"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05487.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","volume-title":"Contributions to Probability and Statistics.","author":"Levene H","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","first-page":"343","volume-title":"5th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","author":"Quinlan RJ","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77244-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","unstructured":"Maplesofft. 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