{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T01:31:12Z","timestamp":1791077472693,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]],"date-time":"2011-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Fibrotic progression in non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with impaired hepatic function. The<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C\u2010caffeine breath test (CBT) is a non\u2010invasive, quantitative test of liver function. We sought to determine the utility of the CBT in detecting hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>The CBT was applied to 48 patients with NAFLD. CBT results were compared to clinical, biochemical and histological data. Twenty\u2010four healthy subjects served as controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Patients with simple steatosis had similar CBT values (2.28\u2003\u00b1\u20030.71 \u0394\u2030 per 100\u2003mg caffeine) to controls (2.31\u2003\u00b1\u20030.85,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20031.0). However, CBT was significantly reduced in patients with non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis (1.59\u2003\u00b1\u20030.65,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.005) and cirrhosis (1.00\u2003\u00b1\u20030.73,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). CBT significantly correlated with Brunt's fibrosis score (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.49,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) but not with steatosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.23) or inflammation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.08). CBT also correlated with international normalized ratio (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.61,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001), albumin (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.37,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.009), aspartate aminotransferase\/alanine aminotransferase (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003\u22120.34,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.018) and platelets (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.31,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.03). On multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 1.042\u20131.203,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.002) and CBT (OR 0.264, 95% CI 0.084\u20130.822,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.02) were independent predictors of significant fibrosis (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2003\u2265\u20032). CBT yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86 for the diagnosis of cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>The CBT reflects the extent of hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD and represents a non\u2010invasive predictor of fibrosis severity in this condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06760.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]],"date-time":"2011-05-10T11:07:06Z","timestamp":1305025626000},"page":"1411-1416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Non\u2010invasive estimation of liver fibrosis in non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease using the<sup>13<\/sup>C\u2010caffeine breath test"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Gordon J\u2010H","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Wiseman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H","family":"Katelaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Seow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng C","family":"Ngu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20973"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra011775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1982.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00613933"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Theophylline and Other Methylxanthines","author":"Arnaud MJ","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50475"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318046ea65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"119","article-title":"The CO2 breath tests as monitors of the cytochrome P450 dependent mixed function monooxygenase system","volume":"135","author":"Lambert GH","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog. 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