{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:08:54Z","timestamp":1771002534494,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,17]],"date-time":"2007-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1189987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nephrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY:<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2003<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this study was to assess whether measurement of urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could be adopted as a new non\u2010invasive diagnostic tool for acute rejection following renal transplantation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Urinary concentration of VEGF was determined by an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay technique in 215 renal allograft recipients and 80 healthy controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Subjects with acute rejection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200367) excreted urinary VEGF at a significantly higher level (28.57\u2003\u00b1\u20036.21, 95% CI: 16.18\u201340.97\u2003pg\/\u03bcmol creatinine) than those without acute rejection. This included subjects with stable renal function and no abnormal histological findings (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003119), acute tubular necrosis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200315), chronic allograft nephropathy (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200314) and healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200380). Using a urinary VEGF\/creatinine ratio of 3.64\u2003pg\/\u03bcmol as the cut\u2010off point, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing acute rejection were 85.1 and 74.8%, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Patients with steroid\u2010resistant acute rejection had significantly greater urinary VEGF concentration than patients with steroid\u2010sensitive acute rejection (42.09\u2003\u00b1\u200310.00 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 9.74\u2003\u00b1\u20032.63\u2003pg\/\u03bcmol creatinine, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Patients with graft loss after acute rejection had significantly greater urinary VEGF concentration than patients with reversible acute rejection (106.66\u2003\u00b1\u200338.60 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 19.46\u2003\u00b1\u20034.13\u2003pg\/\u03bcmol creatinine, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.001). Using a urinary VEGF\/creatinine ratio of 22.48\u2003pg\/\u03bcmol as the cut\u2010off point, the sensitivity and specificity of the prediction to graft loss after acute rejection were 85.7% and 78.3%, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2003<\/jats:bold> This study demonstrates that the monitoring of urinary VEGF may be a useful non\u2010invasive approach for the detection of acute rejection. Additionally, urinary VEGF levels were shown to predict the response to anti\u2010rejection therapy and to predict a poor outcome after acute rejection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2007.00856.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,19]],"date-time":"2007-09-19T04:30:14Z","timestamp":1190176214000},"page":"73-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Acute renal allograft rejection is associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the urine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"WENHAN","family":"PENG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JIANGHUA","family":"CHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YUGUANG","family":"JIANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ZHANGFEI","family":"SHOU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YING","family":"CHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HUIPING","family":"WANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CosioFG PelletierRP SedmakDDet\u2003al.Renal allograft survival following acute rejection correlates with blood pressure levels and histopathology.Kidney Int.1999;56:1912\u201319.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meier\u2010KriescheHU ScholdJD SrinivasTR KaplanB.Lack of improvement in renal allograft survival despite a marked decrease in acute rejection rates over the most recent era.Am. 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