{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T15:50:12Z","timestamp":1744213812288},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 72\u2010year\u2010old male visited the hospital with a complaint of dyspnea. Under the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to chronic thrombotic and\/or embolic disease, this patient received anti\u2010coagulant therapy. Unfortunately, the respiratory state deteriorated and died 34\u2003days after admission. At autopsy, noncaseating granulomas, which were diagnostic of sarcoidosis, were found in bilateral enlarged hilar lymph nodes, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, testis and epididymis. In pulmonary vasculature, the following three kinds of lesions were observed; (i) sarcoid granulomatous vasculitis at the peripheral arteries and veins, (ii) intimal fibrous lesions ubiquitously found in proximal and peripheral arteries which were thought to be organized thromboemboli, (iii) Takayasu\u2010like large vessel vasculitis with a huge fresh mural thrombus narrowing the lumen of most proximal portion of right pulmonary artery. Autopsy findings indicate that chronic sustained PH state in this patient was attributable to thrombotic and\/or thromboembolic disease, and Takayasu\u2010like vasculitis with thrombus played a role in the final deterioration of respiratory state through exacerbation of PH. In sarcoidosis patients, vasculitic lesions which can be formed in both small and large pulmonary arteries must be raised as the differential diagnosis for the initial cause of PH as well as the accelerating factor of PH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2011.02703.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,13]],"date-time":"2011-07-13T03:22:31Z","timestamp":1310527351000},"page":"546-550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Sarcoidosis with pulmonary hypertension exacerbated by Takayasu\u2010like large vessel 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