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The aetiology of secondary, traumatic or iatrogenic pneumothoraces is not usually debated. However, the aetiology of PSP is potentially controversial and often debated. Therefore, PSP is the focus of this article. There are several purported causes, which include blebs, bullae, emphysema\u2010like changes (ELC) and pleural porosity. The controversy is valid because of the importance of recurrence prevention. This article reviews the current available evidence for the causes of PSP. The causes of PSP are likely a combination ELC, pleural porosity and other potential factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.01968.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,14]],"date-time":"2011-03-14T13:01:19Z","timestamp":1300107679000},"page":"604-610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Pleural controversy: Aetiology of pneumothorax"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"DEMONDES","family":"HAYNES","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL H.","family":"BAUMANN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"306","volume-title":"Pleural Diseases","author":"Light RW","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"1961","volume-title":"Textbook of Respiratory Medicine","author":"Light RW","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1269837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.2.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.77.6.771"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200602-259OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200404-438CR"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000135932"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00128594-200210000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00128594-200210000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.789"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.2.590"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.136986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2008.176081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.2.433"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.2.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000196062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(91)90199-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10061372"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.6.1976-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.2.380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.4.1294","article-title":"CT scanning and bilateral surgery for unilateral primary pneumothorax?","volume":"119","author":"Yim APC","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","first-page":"586","article-title":"Value of computed tomography for pretherapeutic evaluation of adults with spontaneous idiopathic pneumothorax. 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