{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T09:57:21Z","timestamp":1794650241368,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,28]],"date-time":"2007-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1172620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:\u2003<\/jats:bold> To report the results from an Iranian large population\u2010based randomized study of screening using prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) to detect prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and Methods:\u2003<\/jats:bold> A total of 3758 Iranian men older than 40\u2003years were mass checked by PSA\u2010based screening. Men with an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and serum total PSA level of greater than 4\u2003ng\/mL, underwent transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)\u2010guided extended prostate biopsy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2003<\/jats:bold> The PSA value (mean \u00b1 standard deviation, SD) in all men without prostate cancer was 1.6\u2003\u00b1\u20031.1\u2003ng\/mL and in those with cancer 18\u2003\u00b1\u200344.8\u2003ng\/mL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.001). PSA values increased with age. In those aged 40\u201349, 50\u201359, 60\u201369 and \u226570\u2003years, the mean \u00b1 SD PSA values were 1.3\u2003\u00b1\u20030.7, 1.4\u2003\u00b1\u20030.8, 1.8\u2003\u00b1 1 and 2.2\u2003\u00b1\u20031.6\u2003ng\/mL, respectively. Among the screened men, 323 (8.6%) had a serum PSA concentration greater than 4\u2003ng\/mL. Of patients who underwent prostate biopsy (230, 71.2%), 129 (positive predictive value, 56.1%) had prostate cancer. Additionally, nine cancers were detected among 16 patients with PSA of less than 4\u2003ng\/mL who had a doubtful DRE finding. The overall cancer detection rate was 3.6%; 1.4% at 40\u201349, 1.6% at 50\u201359, 4.2% at 60\u201369 and 12.9% at \u226570\u2003years. Conventional systematic sextant biopsies, which accounted for six of the 10 cores in our biopsy scheme, detected 98 (71%) of the cancers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2003<\/jats:bold> The Iranian male population develops prostate cancer quite commonly if their serum PSA levels are greater than 4.0\u2003ng\/mL. In this study, 65.9% of the detected cancers were clinically significant. The conventional systematic sextant technique may be inappropriate for detection of all prostate cancers. The results need to be confirmed in other randomized trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2006.01729.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,28]],"date-time":"2007-02-28T09:34:30Z","timestamp":1172655270000},"page":"406-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Population\u2010based screening for prostate cancer by measuring total serum prostate\u2010specific antigen in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Seyyed Yousof","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massood","family":"Moharramzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Reza","family":"Ghadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Hooshyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Reza","family":"Lashay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammah Reza","family":"Safarinejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.2.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/33.12.2257","article-title":"Evaluation of a monoclonal immuno\u2010radiometric assay for prostate\u2010specific antigen","volume":"33","author":"Rock RC","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. 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