{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T23:03:11Z","timestamp":1754262191381},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,14]],"date-time":"2006-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1158192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Clinical examination of the optic disc is an essential element in the assessment of its health. Previous work has described normal optic disc appearance among different races. No such description of optic discs exists for indigenous Australians, who are at low risk of developing glaucoma. This study was designed to evaluate optic disc parameters of indigenous Australians.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2003<\/jats:bold> A sample of 208 indigenous Australians were recruited as they presented to remote clinics in Central Australia. Each subject underwent optic disc photography using a Topcon TRC\u2010NW100 digital fundus camera. Optic discs were measured and analysed with Topcon ImageNet 2000 software.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Among other parameters, mean vertical disc diameter and disc area were 2.13\u2003\u00b1\u20030.21\u2003mm (mean\u2003\u00b1\u2003SD) and 3.13\u2003\u00b1\u20030.57\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, respectively, for right eyes and 2.14\u2003\u00b1\u20030.21\u2003mm and 3.16\u2003\u00b1\u20030.58\u2003mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for left eyes. When compared with published studies, these parameters were significantly larger than Caucasians, but similar to African individuals.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our results suggest that indigenous Australians have optic discs that are larger than those of Caucasians, but similar to those of Africans who are considered to at a greater risk of glaucoma. Factors other than optic disc area are likely to underlie the higher prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma among African individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01344.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,14]],"date-time":"2006-09-14T08:38:27Z","timestamp":1158223107000},"page":"852-856","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Optic nerve head parameters of an indigenous population living within Central Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"John A","family":"Landers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim R","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie E","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"371","article-title":"Vorl\u00e4ufige notiz \u00fcber das wesen des glaucoms","volume":"1","author":"Von Graefe A","year":"1854","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1979.01020020106002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.60.11.778"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"1151","article-title":"Optic disc, cup and neuroretinal rim size, configuration and correlations in normal eyes","volume":"29","author":"Jonas JB","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1990.01070030057028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90212-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000267091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1987.01060120081030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74271-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(88)80012-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1994.01090200074026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"2012","article-title":"Human optic nerve fiber count and optic disc size","volume":"33","author":"Jonas JB","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(84)90509-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(89)32928-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90457-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070010858029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199508000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080140067029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(98)00049-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","volume-title":"National Trachoma and Eye Health Program","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00166758"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1035137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.1997.tb01771.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.10.1118"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.028548"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.10.840"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(81)90056-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"The size of the optic cup","volume":"25","author":"Hollows FC","year":"1966","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc Aust NZ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","first-page":"335","article-title":"The Framingham Eye Study monograph","volume":"24","author":"Leibowitz HM","year":"1980","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(03)00028-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00983-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90458-X"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; 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