{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T20:39:59Z","timestamp":1791146399704,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,22]],"date-time":"2009-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment in patients with severe trachomatous dry eye.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Sixty\u2010four severe trachomatous dry eye patients who had undergone Schirmer testing with topical anaesthetic measured 5\u2003mm or less and a tear film break\u2010up time (TFBUT) of 5\u2003s or less were included in the study. Thirty\u2010two patients were treated with CsA 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion twice daily and concomitant five times daily non\u2010preserved artificial tear, and the other 32 patients who were designated as the control group received vehicle emulsion twice daily and non\u2010preserved artificial tear five times daily. Pretreatment and post\u2010treatment evaluations included subjective assessment of the patients (total symptoms scores and ocular surface disease index [OSDI] scores), Schirmer testing with topical anaesthesia, TFBUT, rose Bengal and fluorescein staining scores, conjunctival impression cytological scoring and goblet cell counting.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Following 6\u2003months of CsA treatment, the differences between the pretreatment and post\u2010treatment test results including total symptoms scores and OSDI scores, the rose Bengal and fluorescein staining scores, TFBUT values, and the Schirmer testing measurements were found to be statistically significant. Impression cytology also showed improvement of squamous metaplasia in 26 patients (81.25%) and increase in goblet cell density in 23 patients (71.88%).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Topical CsA was effective in the treatment of severe trachomatous dry eye, yielding improvements in both objective and subjective measurements with a safety profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02090.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,22]],"date-time":"2009-06-22T17:46:38Z","timestamp":1245692798000},"page":"541-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Efficacy of topical cyclosporine A in the treatment of severe trachomatous dry eye"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Guzey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suleyman 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