{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:02:06Z","timestamp":1791201726609,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,26]],"date-time":"2011-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1) is an important proinflammatory cytokine driving axonal degeneration and retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010308 G\/A and \u2010238 G\/A polymorphisms with primary open\u2010angle glaucoma (POAG).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A prospective, case\u2013control study, university hospital setting.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Participants:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eighty\u2010six POAG patients and 193 healthy unrelated controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> TNF\u2010\u03b1 polymorphisms were screened by using direct gene sequencing.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main Outcome Measures:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Frequency of TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010308 G\/A and TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010238 G\/A promoter polymorphisms in glaucoma and healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The frequencies of TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010308 GA genotype and \u2018A\u2019 allele were higher in patients with POAG (22.1% and 12.2%, respectively) in comparison with the control group (10.9% and 6%, respectively) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.046 and 0.02, respectively), with odds ratios of 2.45 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.01, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031.23\u20134.87) and 2.19 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.013, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031.18\u20134.08), respectively. Genotype distribution of the TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010238 variants did not yield a statistically significant difference between the two groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.87).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010308 G\/A polymorphism seems to be associated with POAG in Turkish population. However, population\u2010based studies with large number of subjects and long\u2010term follow\u2010up are needed to verify the association of TNF\u2010\u03b1 \u2010308 G\/A polymorphism with glaucoma susceptibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2011.02595.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,17]],"date-time":"2011-05-17T07:13:43Z","timestamp":1305616423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Association of tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha \u2010308 G\/A polymorphism with primary open\u2010angle 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