{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:49:54Z","timestamp":1791269394925,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]],"date-time":"2011-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To determine the change in the prevalence in active trachoma in children in a remote Aboriginal community over a 32\u2010year period.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Data used from two cross\u2010sectional studies repeated in the same community 32\u2003years apart.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Participants or Samples:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Children aged 5\u201313\u2003years living in the community.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010five mm photographs of the everted upper lid taken in 1975 and digital photographs taken in 2007 were graded using a fine trachoma\u2010grading scheme.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main Outcome Measure:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The age\u2010specific prevalence and severity of trachoma was compared at the two time points.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Images were available from 82 children in 1975 and from 92 children in 2007. The overall prevalence of active trachoma (trachomatous inflammation follicular and or trachomatous inflammation intense) was 59% in 1975 and in 2007 was significantly lower at 23% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). The overall severity grades of active trachoma had also decreased significantly for each sign from 1975 to 2007 (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values from the rank\u2010sum test were less than 0.001). However, in 2007, there were still some children with severe active trachoma and severe scarring still occurred.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although the prevalence and severity of active trachoma in children have decreased significantly over the last 30\u2003years in this community, trachoma still remains a significant public health problem. One third of the children have active trachoma, a figure in excess of the threshold set as a public health problem by the World Health Organization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2011.02672.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T20:18:51Z","timestamp":1314821931000},"page":"121-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prevalence of trachoma in a single community, 1975\u20132007"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hugh R","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dallas R","family":"English","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry A","family":"Field","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E","family":"Spicer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris M","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","volume-title":"Trachoma: A Blinding Scourge from the Bronze Age to the Twenty\u2010First Century","author":"Taylor HR","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1957.tb57908.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1973.tb115111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"400","volume-title":"Culture, Race, Climate and Eye Disease","author":"Mann I","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(67)94144-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","volume-title":"The National Trachoma and Eye Health Program of the Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists","author":"Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.16.6.855"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb02094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.144147"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"375","article-title":"Trachoma surveillance annual report, 2009: a report by the National Trachoma Surveillance and Reporting Unit","volume":"34","author":"Adams KS","year":"2010","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2010.02288.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"The prevention of blindness from trachoma (Bowman lecture)","volume":"95","author":"Jones BR","year":"1975","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"497","article-title":"Studies in the epidemiology and control of seasonal conjunctivitis and trachoma in southern Morocco","volume":"39","author":"Reinhards J","year":"1968","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/132.1.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120630"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"567","article-title":"Use of local variations in trachoma endemicity in Taiwan to elucidate some of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the disease","volume":"39","author":"Assaad FA","year":"1968","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; 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