{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T18:00:46Z","timestamp":1774980046139,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]],"date-time":"2012-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc><\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> There is limited information regarding the prevalence of presbyopia in different parts of the world. The add power and the prevalence of presbyopia by age and gender in general population of Shahroud, north of Iran, were studied.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Population\u2010based cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Participants:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Using random cluster sampling, 6311 people from the 40\u2010 to 64\u2010year\u2010old population of Shahroud were invited. Of the invited population, 5190 individuals (82.2%) participated in the study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Presbyopia was defined as the correction of near vision to logMAR 1 (N8 point) with at least 1\u2003D of add power.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Main Outcome Measures:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Near visual acuity of participants was evaluated with a logMAR chart at a distance of 40\u2003cm.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mean add power in the age groups of 40\u201344, 45\u201349, 50\u201354, 55\u201359 and 60\u201364 years was 0.65, 1.30, 1.70, 1.87 and 2.08\u2003D, respectively. For each 5\u2010year increase in age, a 0.35\u2003D increase in add power was noted. The prevalence of presbyopia was 58.15% (95% confidence interval: 56.46\u201359.84). Presbyopia was more prevalent in women (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) and increased with ageing more in women than in men (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Furthermore, in the 60\u201364\u2010year\u2010old age group, 11% of men and 23% of women were not presbyopic.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Compared with other reports, the add power in different age groups was 0.5\u2003D less, and presbyopia was less prevalent. More than 50% of the over 45\u2010year\u2010old individuals were presbyopic and 17% of the over 60 individuals were free of this condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02799.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,19]],"date-time":"2012-03-19T14:54:37Z","timestamp":1332168877000},"page":"863-868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Population\u2010based study of presbyopia in Shahroud, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Khabazkhoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Jafarzadehpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Mehravaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Emamian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AbbasAli","family":"Yekta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Shariati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akbar","family":"Fotouhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-200604630-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2008.00256.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200004000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00102-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"569","article-title":"Accommodation and presbyopia in the human eye. 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