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Data from randomized, controlled trials \u2013 and where this is not available \u2013 principles grounded in known biology, biological plausibility, logic, preferred practice and personal experience have been synthesized to develop explicit clinical algorithms for management of the spectrum of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PACD<\/jats:styled-content>. The mainstay of first\u2010line intervention is usually a laser iridotomy: a commonly necessary but sometimes insufficient manoeuvre in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PACD<\/jats:styled-content>. The crucial stepwise considerations after iridotomy are: whether the angle is open or closed; whether the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOP<\/jats:styled-content> can be medically controlled; the extent of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAS<\/jats:styled-content>, and the presence of visually significant cataract. Indication for subsequent interventions \u2013 which may include iridoplasty, cataract surgery, trabeculectomy or phacotrabeulectomy \u2013 are herein based on an arbitrary threshold (180 degrees) for angle opening and extent of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAS<\/jats:styled-content> following initial treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02885.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]],"date-time":"2012-09-25T22:39:10Z","timestamp":1348612750000},"page":"282-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Management algorithms for primary angle closure disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ravi","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Eye Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Walland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Investigation and Research Unit Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"Essentials in Glaucoma","author":"Foster PJ","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2010.02386.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283437bdc"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2010.02374.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2011.02644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01158-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00857-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.123471"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.4.450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0420.2003.00135.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.077115"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e328343729f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","unstructured":"ThomasR.The state of the world's sight: glaucoma. 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