{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T06:13:36Z","timestamp":1698732816433},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]],"date-time":"2005-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1123027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Susan Nixon died in 1881 following a surgical error. Her surgeon, Dr W. E. Warren, excised a normal 7\u2010month gravid uterus under the misapprehension that he was removing a tubular pregnancy. It is believed that Mrs Nixon was the first woman in Australia to have an abdominal hysterectomy and the second to have a live Caesarean section. The surgical misadventure that resulted in Mrs\u2003Nixon's death became a public scandal, which gained currency through both parliamentary debate and the popular press.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The purpose of referring to this case is to explore the mechanisms of accountability that surgeons faced in the 1880s \u2212 a decade of rapid change in the practice of surgery. The response of late nineteenth century society to surgical error and the resultant reaction of\u2003the medical profession have resonances that are relevant to surgeons practising today.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03501.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]],"date-time":"2005-08-03T15:02:46Z","timestamp":1123081366000},"page":"719-722","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical accountability in the 1880s: the death of Susan Nixon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Greg R.","family":"Watters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_2","first-page":":","article-title":"Surgery and surgeons in Edinburgh and Sydney over forty years ago","volume":"25","author":"Skirving RS","year":"1926","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_2","unstructured":"Extraordinary medical inquiry: body of woman exhumed.Town and Country Journal11 June 1881 p.1011."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_2","unstructured":"Extraordinary medical inquiry: body of woman exhumed.Town and Country Journal11 June 1881 pp.1011\u221212."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_2","unstructured":"Extraordinary medical inquiry: conclusion of the case.Evening News6 June 1881 p.6."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_2","unstructured":"Benevolent Society of New South Wales.Minutes of Meeting of House Committee24 May 1881 and 31 May 1881."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_2","unstructured":"Benevolent Society of New South Wales.Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting26 July 1881 and 9 May 1892."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_2","unstructured":"New South Wales Parliament.Votes and Procedures Legislative Council20 July 1881."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_2","unstructured":"New South Wales Parliament.Votes and Procedures Legislative Assembly12 July 1881."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_2","unstructured":"CreedJ.Editorial.Australasian Medical GazetteOctober 1882."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_2","unstructured":"Editorial.Daily Telegraph1881;7 June p.2."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_2","unstructured":"Editorial. More light required.Evening News1881;8June p. 1 ."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_2","unstructured":"Editorial. How doctors agree.Evening News1881;6 June p.2."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_2","unstructured":"Editorial. Professor Death.The Bulletin1881;11 June p.2."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_2","first-page":"291","article-title":"The Recent Gastrotomy Case at Sydney","volume":"20","author":"Jakins WV","year":"1881","journal-title":"Aust. Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_2","unstructured":"CreedJ.Editorial.Australasian Medical Gazette1884;279."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_2","unstructured":"Fitz\u2010PatrickLouis.Australasian Medical GazetteMay 1886 p.\u2003204."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_2","unstructured":"Sydney JonesP SchuetteR.The late gastrotomy case(letter).Sydney Morning Herald1881;9 June p.6."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_2","unstructured":"WarrenWE.The late gastrotomy case. (letter).Evening News1881;9 June p.3."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_2","unstructured":"\u2018One of the Jury\u2019 The late gastrotomy case. (letter).Evening News1881;13 June p.3."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_21_2","unstructured":"Benevolent Society of New South Wales.Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting11 January 1887."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_22_2","unstructured":"Obituary: Dr W.E. WarrenMoree\u2010Gwydir Examiner and General Advertiser1931;27 August p.2."}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1445-2197.2005.03501.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03501.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T05:28:57Z","timestamp":1698730137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03501.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03501.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03501.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-08-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}