{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:18:48Z","timestamp":1779200328459,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]],"date-time":"2005-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Milk of calcium bile or limy bile is a rare disorder in which the gall bladder is filled with a thick, paste\u2010like, radiopaque material.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Seven patients with limy bile syndrome were treated in our department from 1980 to 2003. There were five women and two men, and their age ranged from 30 to 64\u2003years. A retrospective analysis of clinical symptoms, diagnostic work\u2010up, treatment approach and operative findings was performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2003<\/jats:bold> All patients presented with intermittent right upper abdominal quadrant pain. Three of the seven patients (42.85%) presented with complications like acute cholecystitis (two of seven patients) and obstructive jaundice (one of seven patients). Diagnosis was based on clinical findings, plain abdominal X\u2010rays, ultrasonography and computed tomography scanning. Surgery was the treatment of choice and cholecystectomy alone or in combination with common bile duct exploration and drainage (if needed) was performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2003<\/jats:bold> The clinical aspect of the disease is similar to that of biliary lithiasis and the diagnosis is easily made by the characteristic spontaneous opacification of the gall bladder on plain abdominal X\u2010rays. Complications such as acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis or obstructive jaundice can also be present. Although some cases of conservative pharmaceutical treatment as well as cases of spontaneous disappearance of limy bile have been reported, surgical treatment remains the treatment of choice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03523.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]],"date-time":"2005-09-02T09:00:20Z","timestamp":1125651620000},"page":"787-789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Limy bile syndrome: review of seven cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos D.","family":"Ballas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Alatsakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Savas F.","family":"Rafailidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiriakos","family":"Psarras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanassios K.","family":"Sakadamis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01297198"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"284","article-title":"Milk of calcium bile","volume":"56","author":"Hatzigeorgiadis A","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hellenic. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"611","article-title":"The roentgenologic significance of \u2018milk of calcium\u2019 bile","volume":"33","author":"Kornblum K","year":"1935","journal-title":"Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02773585","article-title":"Review of five cases of limy bile \u2212 particularly on radiological, chemical, and crystallographic studies","volume":"14","author":"Saito K","year":"1979","journal-title":"Jpn Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193110000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"550","article-title":"Limy bile. A surgical experience in 16 patients","volume":"18","author":"Moreaux J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"223","article-title":"Acute cholecystitis with large amount of calcium soap in gall bladder","volume":"22","author":"Churchman JW","year":"1911","journal-title":"Bull. Johns Hopkins. Hosp."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"2014","article-title":"Uber kalkmilchgalle","volume":"73","author":"Volkmann J","year":"1926","journal-title":"Munchen. Med. Wochen."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016923309132525"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/65.1.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"884","article-title":"Spontaneous disappearance of limy bile. Report of a case with review of the literature","volume":"79","author":"Numura F","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/94.2.311"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198402000-00046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"On limy bile","volume":"22","author":"Katsuda H","year":"1979","journal-title":"Wakayama Med. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"309","article-title":"Le syndrome de la bile calcique, \u00e0 propos de deux observations de vesicule \u00e0 contenu calcique","volume":"22","author":"Mouchet A","year":"1968","journal-title":"Ann. Chir."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1982.1.8.325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","unstructured":"TreyveD.Lithiase vesiculaire calcique chez l\u2019enfant \u00e0 propos de deux cas(Th\u00e8se Medecine).Paris 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"575","article-title":"Le syndrome de la bile calcique. A propos de deux observations","volume":"59","author":"Arnaud JP","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Radiol. Electrol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"229","article-title":"Syndrome de la bile calcique. A propos de deux observations","volume":"74","author":"Grand A","year":"1966","journal-title":"Press Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"877","article-title":"Observations de bile calcique","volume":"56","author":"LeGenissel M","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch. Fr. Mal. App. Dig."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"156","article-title":"Le syndrome de la bile calcique: \u00e9tude d\u2019un cas \u00e0 double localisation v\u00e8siculaire et chol\u00e8docienne","volume":"12","author":"Sava G","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(61)80056-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"669","article-title":"Aspect \u00e9chographique dans un cas de bile calcique","volume":"62","author":"Delgoffe C","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Radiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01887674"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"70","article-title":"Ict\u00e8re par migration de la bile calcaire dans le chol\u00e8doque","volume":"36","author":"Bergeret A","year":"1947","journal-title":"Arch. Fr. Mal. App. Dig."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","first-page":"112","article-title":"Nouvelle contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des biles calciques","volume":"12","author":"Walter H","year":"1949","journal-title":"Acta Gastroenterol. Belg."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","first-page":"296","article-title":"Calculs et boues biliaires calcifi\u00e9es","volume":"7","author":"Warmoes F","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Belg. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Le\u2003syndrome de la bile calcique chez l\u2019enfant","volume":"26","author":"Coupris L","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chir. Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(72)80028-X"}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1445-2197.2005.03523.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03523.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T01:17:53Z","timestamp":1698715073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03523.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03523.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03523.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-09-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}