{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:13:18Z","timestamp":1791231198270,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]],"date-time":"2005-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To establish a proinflammatory cytokine profile of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following trauma.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Trauma is associated with a postinjury syndrome consisting of loss of weight and nitrogen, pyrexia, anorexia and fatigue. It has been proposed that cytokines are pathophysiologically involved in this syndrome but the site of action of these is unclear. Previous work in head injury models, supported by animal work, has suggested that one important site of action is the central nervous system (CNS).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Women who had sustained neck of femur fractures were enrolled (trauma group). CSF was collected at the time of spinal anaesthetic. Women undergoing elective lower limb surgery were recruited as controls. CSF and serum were assayed for Interleukin (IL) 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, interferon gamma, and tumour necrosis factor by cytometric bead array.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In the trauma group, IL\u20108 was elevated in the CSF but not in the serum, while IL\u20106 was elevated in the serum but not in the CSF. IL\u20101\u03b2, associated with elevated IL\u201012, was also detected in the serum of three of 11 trauma patients but none of the nine controls. No other cytokines were consistently detected.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study raises the possibility that IL\u20108, acting in the CNS, plays a role in the postinjury syndrome. It is unclear as to\u2003the mechanism by which CNS IL\u20108 is produced in trauma but a physiological role is supported by the known ability of the CNS to produce IL\u20108 and the presence of receptors for its action in the CNS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03530.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]],"date-time":"2005-09-02T09:00:20Z","timestamp":1125651620000},"page":"813-816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Central nervous system interleukin\u20108 production following neck of femur fracture"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Danny","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharleen E.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Rod","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1993.tb01724.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2002.02138.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)01238-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199703000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"R1142","article-title":"Chronic central nervous system exposure to interleukin\u20101 beta causes catabolism in the rat","volume":"271","author":"Hill AG","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2002.02425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200109000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/clnu.2000.0383"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280290100996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.6.2882","article-title":"Expression of chemokine receptors by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system","volume":"158","author":"Horuk R","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u2003Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"R877","article-title":"Interleukin\u20108 modulates feeding by direct action in the central nervous system","volume":"265","author":"Plata\u2010Salaman CR","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.72.5.847","article-title":"Multiple control of interleukin\u20108 expression","volume":"72","author":"Hoffman E","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Leuk. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.4.1944","article-title":"Cytokine regulation of human microglial cell IL\u20108 production","volume":"160","author":"Ehrlich LC","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(89)90185-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000054814"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000054275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689910103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1994.11.447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-4666(94)90040-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Increased plasma and ventricular fluid interleukin\u20106 levels in patients with head injury","volume":"118","author":"McClain C","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"48","article-title":"Ventricular fluid interleukin\u20101 activity in patients with head injury","volume":"110","author":"McClain CJ","year":"1987","journal-title":"J.\u2003Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2004.11.003"}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1445-2197.2005.03530.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03530.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T01:18:40Z","timestamp":1698715120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03530.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03530.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2005.03530.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-09-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}