{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T15:16:03Z","timestamp":1720019763536},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]],"date-time":"2011-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Born in Edinburgh in 1774 Sir Charles Bell, as a young man, studied anatomy and surgery in his hometown. There followed a distinguished career that culminated in his becoming the first professor of Anatomy and Surgery at the College of Surgeons in London. Renowned as a brilliant neuroanatomist he was invited, on the advice of His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London, to contribute one of eight volumes of a work on the Power Wisdom and Goodness of God as manifested in the Creation \u2013 known as the Bridgewater Treatises. \u2018The Hand its Mechanism and Vital Endowments as Evincing Design\u2019 was published in 1833 and it is an account of his considering the hand as a machine that has been engineered to exacting standards to interact with the environment in which we live. In it he expressed a deep understanding of the similarity of the structure of the upper limbs of the higher orders of animals.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The similarity of the paddle of a turtle and a human hand with acrosymbrachydactyly is unmistakable. This congenital abnormality, given the eponymous title of Apert's syndrome, is one of a number of congenital abnormalities that have parallels in the animal kingdom. Others who have had similar syndromes named after them include Poland, Marfan, Streeter and a number of others. The life and times of these men and their contributions to medicine will be presented in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2011.05756.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]],"date-time":"2011-05-10T11:28:39Z","timestamp":1305026919000},"page":"900-904","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vital endowments: Sir Charles Bell and the history of some congenital abnormalities of the upper limb"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Alan","family":"Thurston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","volume-title":"The Hand, Its Mechanism and Vital Endowments, As Evincing Design","author":"Bell C","year":"1835"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Deficiency of the pectoralis muscle","volume":"6","author":"Poland A","year":"1841","journal-title":"Guys Hosp. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","volume-title":"The Genetics of Hand Malformations","author":"Temtamy S","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Focal deficiencies in fetal tissues and their relation to intrauterine amputations","volume":"22","author":"Streeter G","year":"1930","journal-title":"Contrib. Embryol."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","first-page":"545","article-title":"Die angeborene Verschiebung des Schulterblattes nach oben","volume":"42","author":"Sprengel O","year":"1891","journal-title":"Arch. klin. Chir."}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1445-2197.2011.05756.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2011.05756.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T18:23:39Z","timestamp":1697480619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2011.05756.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2011.05756.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2011.05756.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}