{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:17:18Z","timestamp":1791407838067,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,11]],"date-time":"2012-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no consensus with regard to optimum prophylactic antibiotic regimen in orthopaedic fracture surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis were performed to determine if multiple\u2010dose perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is more effective than a single preoperative dose in the prevention of surgical wound infection in patients undergoing operative treatment of low\u2010energy closed fractures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data resources<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>edline, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>edline in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>rocess and other non\u2010indexed citations, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>mbase, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ochrane database of systematic reviews and conference proceedings were searched.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies were included if they were randomized or quasi\u2010randomized trials comparing the results of a single antibiotic prophylaxis versus multiple doses of the same antibiotic in patients undergoing surgical fixation of closed fractures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four studies were found to meet the searching criteria. The mean score for quality assessment of these studies was 16 (8\u201324 points). Only two out of four studies had detailed analysable data and therefore were included in the final analysis. 921 patients were pooled using a random\u2010effects model. Compared to multiple\u2010dose prophylaxis, administration of a single preoperative dose demonstrated no significant difference regarding the overall surgical site infection rate (risk ratio (RR) = 0.3, 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>): 0.07\u20131.25). Multiple\u2010dose antibiotic prophylaxis is marginally more effective than single dose in reducing the incidence of deep surgical wound infection (risk ratio: 0.13, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.02 to 0.99).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is lack of definite evidence that multiple\u2010dose antibiotic prophylaxis is superior to single preoperative dose in low\u2010energy closed fracture surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2012.06143.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,11]],"date-time":"2012-10-11T17:39:32Z","timestamp":1349977172000},"page":"902-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Single versus multiple doses of antibiotic prophylaxis in limb fracture surgery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Stewart","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Asadollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Lade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200805000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/13.Supplement_10.S842"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90606-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197355060-00012","article-title":"A double\u2010blind clinical trial of prophylactic antibiotics in hip fractures","volume":"55","author":"Boyd RJ","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. 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