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Initiatives to reduce these practices are being implemented worldwide. However, there has been little examination of restraint practice in psychiatric services for older persons. This paper reports a retrospective comparative analysis of restraint use in three acute and two extended care psychiatric inpatient wards in Australia. The analysis involved examination of restraint incidents and comparison of restrained and non\u2010restrained patients. There was significant variation in restraint use between wards. On one acute ward, 12.74% of patients were restrained, although restraint use declined during the data collection period. Patients with dementia were restrained at higher rates than patients with other diagnoses, and restrained patients stayed in hospital for a longer duration. Restraint occurred early in admission, and few differences emerged between those restrained once or multiple times. Mechanical restraint was more prevalent than physical restraint, with restraint predominantly used to manage aggression and falls. Findings provide new data on restraint in older persons' psychiatric services. Greater conceptual understandings of behaviours associated with dementia and the unique needs of patients with these disorders may assist in reducing restraint use in these settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0349.2012.00872.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,26]],"date-time":"2012-09-26T09:12:35Z","timestamp":1348650755000},"page":"545-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Restraint use in acute and extended mental health services for older persons"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Gerace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Flinders University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krista","family":"Mosel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Flinders University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Candice","family":"Oster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Flinders University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eimear","family":"Muir\u2010Cochrane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Flinders University of South Australia  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331759601100603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2008.59.10.1198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Hospital Separations Involving Specialised Psychiatric Care, 1998\u201399 to 2006\u201307","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Mental Health Services in Australia 2006\u201307","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0349.2008.00526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2850.2002.00504.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A synthesis of what we know about the use of physical restraints and seclusion with patients in psychiatric and acute care settings: 2003 update","volume":"10","author":"Bower F. 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