{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T00:33:54Z","timestamp":1768005234429,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,8]],"date-time":"2011-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics Gerontology Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Sarcopenia is the significant degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging, and it is one of the components of frailty. We previously reported an association between the 29C&gt;T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 gene (rs1800470) and the prevalence of vertebral fractures in subjects with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The association was not attributable to bone mineral density, which suggests that polymorphism influences some aspects of bone quality that affects strength and\/or frailty rather than bone strength itself. Thus, we examined the relationship between genetic polymorphism and lean body mass in a Japanese population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2003<\/jats:bold> A total of 479 adults comprising 143 men and 336 women, age 23 to 85\u2003years, participated in the present study. Fat\u2010free mass was measured by dual energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry, and the relative skeletal muscle index was calculated as the ratio of appendicular (sum of arms and legs) fat\u2010free mass to the square of height.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2003<\/jats:bold> Total, leg, and appendicular fat\u2010free mass as well as the relative skeletal muscle index were significantly lower in male subjects with CT\/TT genotypes compared to those with CC genotype. Female subjects did not show any genotype\u2010dependent differences when analyzed as a group, but when those without menstruation (postmenopausal women) were analyzed, arm fat\u2010free mass was significantly lower in the CT\/TT genotypes than in the CC genotype.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2003<\/jats:bold> T allele of the 29C&gt;T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 gene might be a risk factor of sarcopenia in a Japanese population. <jats:bold>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 12: 292\u2013297.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0594.2011.00768.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,9]],"date-time":"2011-11-09T01:53:13Z","timestamp":1320803593000},"page":"292-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association of 29C&gt;T polymorphism in the transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 gene with lean body mass in community\u2010dwelling Japanese population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Fuku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seijiro","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Gando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Motohiko","family":"Miyachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.70.2.228"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.12.2076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.24.2783"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"2610","article-title":"A transforming growth factor beta1 signal peptide variant increases secretion in vitro and is associated with increased incidence of invasive breast cancer","volume":"63","author":"Dunning AM","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.10.1569"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-009-0147-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000217520.44176.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001838"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.25.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1473-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/316701a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2010\/647147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2010.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/55.12.M709"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/57.5.M326"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-869-0_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mco.0000068965.34812.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.4.1808"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08037051003768254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000244782.76917.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000244779.30070.1a"}],"container-title":["Geriatrics &amp; 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