{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T22:59:14Z","timestamp":1768431554899,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Our aims were to examine the effects of a simultaneous stimulation of \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenergic receptors and inhibition of uterine phosphodiesterases (PDE), in the pregnant rat uterus<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and on human uterine tissue<jats:italic>in vitro.<\/jats:italic>We also set out to measure cAMP levels and detect the expressions of the isoenzymes PDE4B and PDE4D in human uterine tissue samples.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>Preterm birth was induced in Sprague\u2010Dawley rats with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The uterine effects of terbutaline alone or in combination with rolipram were tested<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Human myometrial strips from cesarean sections at full\u2010term pregnancy and at preterm labor were stimulated with oxytocin, and the inhibitory effects of theophylline, rolipram and terbutaline were studied. The myometrial accumulation of cAMP in the presence of rolipram and terbutaline was determined by enzyme immunoassay. The expressions of PDE4B and PDE4D proteins were detected by Western blotting.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>The selective PDE4 inhibitor rolipram was more effective than the non\u2010selective PDE inhibitor theophylline in inhibiting the oxytocin\u2010induced contractions in the human uterus. The uterus\u2010relaxing effects of low doses of terbutaline were markedly potentiated by rolipram, both in rats and in human tissues. The changes in uterine cAMP levels correlated with these results. At preterm labor, PDE4B was the predominant form of PDE4 expressed; at full term, PDE4D was expressed more strongly.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>A combination of selective PDE4 inhibitors and \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010agonists should be considered for the treatment of preterm contractions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01929.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T07:00:38Z","timestamp":1341558038000},"page":"31-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Uterus\u2010relaxing effect of \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>\u2010agonists in combination with phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Studies on pregnant rat<i>in vivo<\/i>and on pregnant human myometrium<i>in 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