{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:35:11Z","timestamp":1787621711698,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\u2002<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> The number of reliable and valid instruments to measure the effects of therapy in apraxia of speech (AoS) is limited.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Aims:<\/jats:italic> To evaluate the newly developed Modified Diadochokinesis Test (MDT), which is a task to assess the effects of rate and rhythm therapies for AoS in a multiple baseline across behaviours design.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> The consistency, accuracy and fluency of speech of 24 adults with AoS and 12 unaffected speakers matched for age, gender and educational level were assessed using the MDT. The reliability and validity of the instrument were considered and outcomes compared with those obtained with existing tests.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> The results revealed that MDT had a strong internal consistency. Scores were influenced by syllable structure complexity, while distinctive features of articulation had no measurable effect. The test\u2013retest and intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliabilities were shown to be adequate, and the discriminant validity was good. For convergent validity different outcomes were found: apart from one correlation, the scores on tests assessing functional communication and AoS correlated significantly with the MDT outcome measures. The spontaneous speech phonology measure of the Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT) correlated significantly with the MDT outcome measures, but no correlations were found for the repetition subtest and the spontaneous speech articulation\/prosody measure of the AAT.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions &amp; Implications:<\/jats:italic> The study shows that the MDT has adequate psychometric properties, implying that it can be used to measure changes in speech motor control during treatment for apraxia of speech. The results demonstrate the validity and utility of the instrument as a supplement to speech tasks in assessing speech improvement aimed at the level of planning and programming of speech.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-6984.2012.00155.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]],"date-time":"2012-05-10T14:49:13Z","timestamp":1336661353000},"page":"427-436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Assessing the treatment effects in apraxia of speech: introduction and evaluation of the Modified Diadochokinesis Test"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Joost","family":"Hurkmans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roel","family":"Jonkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Boonstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy E.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heleen A.","family":"Reinders\u2010Messelink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000266338"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(03)00296-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490260074018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mtp\/18.2.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687039408248666"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030600965464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Speech\u2013Music Therapy for Aphasia (SMTA)","author":"De Bruijn M.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.2001.0163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic Instrument for Apraxia of Speech","author":"Feiken J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030444000859"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820701234444"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/140154301753207421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"Akense Afasie Test","author":"Graetz P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Hurkmans J. De Bruin M. Boonstra A. Hartman P. Jonkers R. Bastiaanse R. Arendzen H.andReinders\u2010Messelink H.(Forthcoming2012b)The effectiveness of speech\u2013music therapy for aphasia a proof of principle."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2011.602514"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"The music therapy intervention SIPARI (registered trademark) with chronic aphasics\u2010research findings","volume":"10","author":"Jungblut M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurological Rehabilitation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","volume-title":"Handleiding \u2018Radboud Oraal Onderzoek\u2019","author":"Kalf H.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"Handleiding \u2018Radboud Dysartrieonderzoek\u2019","author":"Knuijt S.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3233\/ACS-2003-12-13108","article-title":"Characteristics of performance change in dysarthria: clinical perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Lowit A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Speech and Language Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030903438516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Clinical Management of Sensorimotor Speech Disorders","author":"McNeil M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2006.01.008"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"784","article-title":"Oral diadochokinetic rate in adults","volume":"81","author":"Prathanee B.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-35802"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"xv\u2013xxxiii","article-title":"Treatment guidelines for acquired apraxia of speech: treatment descriptions and recommendations","volume":"14","author":"Wambaugh J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Speech\u2013Language Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","volume-title":"Language Intervention Strategies in Aphasia and Related Neurogenic Communication Disorders","author":"Wambaugh J.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"Apraxia of Speech in Adults. The Disorder and its Management","author":"Wertz R.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004298.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.2001.2614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"Ziegler W.","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Language &amp; Communication Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1460-6984.2012.00155.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1460-6984.2012.00155.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T15:04:18Z","timestamp":1698678258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1460-6984.2012.00155.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1460-6984.2012.00155.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-6984.2012.00155.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-2822","1460-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}