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There is a downregulation of retinoic acid receptor \u03b1 in the forebrain neurons of the retinoid\u2010deficient rats and a loss of choline acetyl transferase expression, which precedes amyloid \u03b2 deposition. In neocortex of pathology samples of patients with Alzheimer's disease, the same retinoic acid receptor \u03b1 deficit in the surviving neurons was observed. We have identified the retinoid\u2010synthesizing enzymes involved in this process, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase\u20102 and class IV alcohol dehydrogenase, only the former is downregulated in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This suggests that retinoids are important for the maintenance of the adult nervous system and their loss may in part play a role in Alzheimer's disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03563.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,11]],"date-time":"2004-08-11T15:20:34Z","timestamp":1092237634000},"page":"896-902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":170,"title":["Disruption of the retinoid signalling pathway causes a deposition of amyloid \u03b2 in the adult rat brain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jonathan P. 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