{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:10:36Z","timestamp":1791443436224,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,28]],"date-time":"2005-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study the effects of lens injury on retinal ganglion cell axon\/neurite re\u2010growth were investigated in adult mice. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, lens injury promoted successful regeneration of retinal ganglion cell axons past the optic nerve lesion site, concomitant with the invasion of macrophages into the eye and the presence of activated retinal astrocytes\/M\u00fcller cells. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, retinal ganglion cells from lens\u2010lesioned mice grew significantly longer neurites than those from intact mice, which correlated with the presence of enhanced numbers of activated retinal astrocytes\/M\u00fcller cells. Co\u2010culture of retinal ganglion cells from intact mice with macrophage\u2010rich lesioned lens\/vitreous body led to increased neurite lengths compared with co\u2010culture with macrophage\u2010free intact lens\/vitreous body, pointing to a neurotrophic effect of macrophages. Furthermore, retinal ganglion cells from mice that had no lens injury but had received intravitreal Zymosan injections to stimulate macrophage invasion into the eye grew significantly longer neurites compared with controls, as did retinal ganglion cells from intact mice co\u2010cultured with macrophage\u2010rich vitreous body from Zymosan\u2010treated mice. The intact lens, but not the intact vitreous body, exerted a neurotrophic effect on retinal ganglion cell neurite outgrowth, suggesting that lens\u2010derived neurotrophic factor(s) conspire with those derived from macrophages in lens injury\u2010stimulated axon regeneration. Together, these results show that lens injury promotes retinal ganglion cell axon regeneration\/neurite outgrowth in adult mice, an observation with important implications for axon regeneration studies in transgenic mouse models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04034.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,3]],"date-time":"2005-05-03T10:34:26Z","timestamp":1115116466000},"page":"2029-2034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Lens injury stimulates adult mouse retinal ganglion cell axon regeneration via both macrophage\u2010 and lens\u2010derived factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Lorber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007086004022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1976.tb00488.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02305-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200012180-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-7431(02)00037-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-03-01596.1994","article-title":"Long interfascicular axon growth from embryonic neurons transplanted into adult myelinated tracts","volume":"14","author":"Davies S.J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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