{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:00:49Z","timestamp":1789905649100,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,18]],"date-time":"2006-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have implicated the Ras\/mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in Pavlovian fear conditioning. RasGRF1 knockout mice show significant deficits in acquisition of long\u2010term fear memories and long\u2010term potentaition (LTP) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). MAPK kinase inhibition also impairs fear conditioning and amygdaloid LTP. However, there is no direct evidence to date for the involvement of Ras itself in fear conditioning. To address this issue, we examined the effects of intra\u2010amygdala infusions of the selective Ras antagonist farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) on the acquisition and expression of conditional freezing in rats. Micro\u2010infusions of FTS into the BLA prior to contextual fear conditioning significantly impaired acquisition of long\u2010term contextual fear memory in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Post\u2010training FTS infusions had no effect on acquisition of long\u2010term fear memory. The effects of FTS on fear conditioning were specific for the BLA. Finally, intra\u2010amygdala infusions of FTS inhibited MAPK activation in BLA. Collectively, these results provide further evidence for the involvement of amygdaloid Ras in the acquisition of long\u2010term conditional fear memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04546.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,18]],"date-time":"2006-01-18T23:36:05Z","timestamp":1137627365000},"page":"196-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hitting Ras where it counts: Ras antagonism in the basolateral amygdala inhibits long\u2010term fear memory"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Merino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Maren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.42.082701.145401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-12-05239.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.30901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-09-03535.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/36849"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-08-02818.1990","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning circuits: induction of LTP in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala by stimulation of the medial geniculate body","volume":"10","author":"Clugnet M.C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-03-00748.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.40.24329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.31.19103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80775-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/376524a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(00)00224-2","article-title":"A role for amygdaloid PKA and PKC in the acquisition of long\u2010term conditional fear memories in rats","volume":"114","author":"Goosens K.A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi972032d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80524-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80747-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2004.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00645-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-20-08444.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.110.4.836","article-title":"Lack of a temporal gradient of retrograde amnesia following NMDA\u2010induced lesions of the basolateral amygdala assessed with the fear\u2010potentiated startle paradigm","volume":"10","author":"Lee Y.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(99)01465-4","article-title":"Long\u2010term potentiation in the amygdala: a mechanism for emotional learning and memory","volume":"2","author":"Maren S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.897"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.110.6.1365","article-title":"N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate receptors in the basolateral amygdala are required for both acquisition and expression of conditional fear in rats","volume":"110","author":"Maren S.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-11-07548.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2003.03063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1535"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/37605"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345716a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.3.1606"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90070-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/37601"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-21-08177.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-18-j0003.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01969-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","volume-title":"Brain maps: Structure of the Rat Brain","author":"Swanson L.W.","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1460-9568.2005.04546.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04546.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T17:25:01Z","timestamp":1696872301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04546.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04546.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04546.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-816X","1460-9568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-816X","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-01-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}