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Recent research has shown that auditory dysfunctions in dyslexia might originate from impairments in early pre\u2010attentive processes, which affect behavioral discrimination. Previous studies have shown that whereas dyslexic individuals are deficient in discriminating sound distinctions involving consonants or simple pitch changes, discrimination of other sound aspects, such as tone duration, is intact. We hypothesized that such contrasts that can be discriminated by dyslexic individuals when heard in isolation are difficult to identify when occurring within words or structurally similar complex sound patterns. In the current study, we addressed how segments of pseudo\u2010words and their non\u2010speech counterparts are processed in dyslexia. We assessed the detection of long\u2010duration differences in segments of these stimuli and identified the brain processes that could be associated with the behavioral results. Consistent with previous studies, we found no early cortical sound\u2010duration discrimination deficit in dyslexia. However, differences between impaired and non\u2010impaired readers were found in the brain processes associated with sound\u2010change recognition as well as in the behavioral performance. This suggests that even when the early, automatic, sound discrimination processes are intact in dyslexic individuals, deficits in the later, attention\u2010dependent processes may lead to impaired perception of speech and other complex sounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05100.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,24]],"date-time":"2006-10-24T16:22:50Z","timestamp":1161706970000},"page":"2420-2427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Speech\u2010 and sound\u2010segmentation in dyslexia: evidence for a multiple\u2010level cortical impairment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Kujala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Halmetoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"N\u00e4\u00e4t\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Alku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Lyytinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00088-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00114.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199904)45:4<495::AID-ANA11>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","article-title":"Auditory processing in dyslexia: task or stimulus related?","author":"Banai K.","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.427953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000221846.43126.a6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6939","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-17-06939.1998","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging of early visual pathways in dyslexia","volume":"18","author":"Demp J.B.","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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