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Using a rodent model of Huntington's disease, we investigated whether prolonged EE or involuntary exercise can induce morphological and cellular changes within embryonic striatal transplants. Adult rats were trained on the Staircase test \u2013\u200arequiring fine motor control to reach and collect reward pellets \u2013\u200aprior to being lesioned unilaterally in the dorsal neostriatum with quinolinic acid. The lesioned animals received E15 whole ganglionic eminence cell suspension grafts followed by housing in EE or standard cages. Half of the animals in standard cages received daily forced exercise on a treadmill. The grafted animals showed significant functional recovery on both the Staircase test and in drug\u2010induced rotation. Neither the housing conditions nor the training had an impact on the behaviour, with the exception of the treadmill reducing the ipsilateral drug\u2010induced rotation observed amongst the lesioned animals. However, the animals housed in the EE had significantly increased striatal brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, and graft neurons in these animals exhibited both greater spine densities and larger cell volumes. Animals on forced exercise regime had reduced BDNF levels and grafted cells with sparser spines. The study suggests that the context of the animal can affect the plasticity of transplanted cells. Appropriately exploiting the underlying, and yet unknown, mechanisms could lead the way to improved anatomical and potentially functional integration of the graft.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05182.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,12]],"date-time":"2006-12-12T23:47:36Z","timestamp":1165967256000},"page":"3223-3233","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Morphological and cellular changes within embryonic striatal grafts associated with enriched environment and involuntary exercise"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9 D.","family":"D\u00f6br\u00f6ssy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Dunnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)03310-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.18.10524"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1995.1025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1996.0049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.1.399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(98)00129-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35104055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(02)00642-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-6897(96)00087-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(96)00657-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3250","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-09-03250.1989","article-title":"Intrastriatal grafts derived from fetal striatal primordia. 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